研究牛蒡提取物对CCl4诱导肝损伤小鼠的保护作用及可能作用机制。以乙醇和水分别提取牛蒡皮和去皮牛蒡根，得牛蒡皮乙醇（LP）、牛蒡皮水（PW）、去皮牛蒡根乙醇（MA）和去皮牛蒡根水（MW）提取物。生化法测定小鼠血清中ALT、AST、ALP、LDH活性、TB含量和肝脏中MDA含量、SOD、GSH活性，蛋白印迹法测定肝组织中XOD、SOD1、SOD2表达量，观察小鼠肝组织病变程度。LP组小鼠血清中ALT、AST、ALP、LDH活力，TB含量显著升高，最高达97%以上；肝脏中MDA含量显著下降， GSH和SOD活力显著升高，最高达45%；肝脏中SOD2表达量升高、XOD表达量下降；肝组织病变程度好于CCl4组。与CCl4组相比较，PW、MA和MW组小鼠血清中ALT和AST活力显著下降，但其他生化指标及肝组织病变程度与CCl4组比较无统计学差异。LP对CCl4诱导肝损伤小鼠的保护机制可能为通过对体内氧自由基的清除，维持肝细胞的稳定性。

The hepaprotective effects of four burdock extracts on CCl4-induced liver damage in mice, as well as the possible underlying mechanism, were studied. Ethanol and water were used to extract burdock peel and peeled burdock root to yield an ethanolic extract of burdock peel (LP), a water extract of burdock peel (PW), an ethanolic extract of peeled burdock root (MA), and a water extract of peeled burdock root (MW). Biochemical methods were used to measure aspartate aminotransferase (AST), alanine aminotransferase (ALT), alkaline phosphatase (ALP), and lactic dehydrogenase (LDH) activities, total bilirubin (TB) level in the serum, as well as malondialdehyde (MDA) level, and superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione (GSH) activities in the liver in mice. The expression levels of SOD1, SOD2, and xanthine oxidase (XOD) in liver tissues were determined by western blot analysis, and the severity of hepatic lesions in mice was observed. In the LP group, the activities of ALT, AST, ALP, LDH, and the TB level in mouse serum were signi?cantly increased (up to >97%). The MDA level in the liver decreased significantly, whereas the GSH and SOD activities increased significantly (up to 45%). In the liver, SOD2 expression increased, but XOD expression decreased. Hepatic lesions were less severe in the LP group than in the CCl4 group. Serum ALT and AST activities were significantly lower in the PW, MA, and MW groups than in the CCl4 group, but no significant differences were observed in other biochemical indicators or in the severity of hepatic lesions. The hepaprotective effect of LP against CCl4-induced liver damage in mice may be achieved by in vivo scavenging of free radicals to maintain the stability of hepatocytes.

江苏省教育厅面上项目（13KJD550004）；江苏省食品资源开发与质量安全重点建设实验室开放项目（SPKF201304）