Volume 23,Issue 9,2007 Table of Contents

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  • 1  Production and Evaluation of a Antibody Against Ractopamine
    WANG Feng-xia ZHANG Yan HE Jin-xing WANG Wei XU Bei WANG Zhong-bin WANG Shuo
    2007, 23(9):1-4.
    [Abstract](80) [HTML](0) [PDF 1.43 M](390)
    Abstract:
    An indirect competitive enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) procedure was established to detect ractopamine employing a polyclonal antibody generated from RAC-linker-BSA and a coating antigen synthesized by method of mixed acid anhydride. The antibody against ractopamine showed high sensitivity with an IC50 of 0.9 ng/mL and the detection limit (IC15) was 0.1 ng/mL, which was lower than the data reported in literatures. The antibody with high specificity showed no cross-reactivity with clenbuterol, salbutamol, isoproterenol, terbutaline and isoxsuprine, while had the cross-reactivity of 7.5% with dobutamine. In addition, it was stable enough to be stored at 4 ℃ for half a year. This study laid a well foundation for the control of ractopamine by ELISA method.
    2  Research on the Apparent Viscosity of Soy Protein Concentrate
    FENG Ling-ling XIONG Jian
    2007, 23(9):5-7.
    [Abstract](90) [HTML](0) [PDF 8.24 M](402)
    Abstract:
    The effects of the pH value, temperature, NaCl and SDS concentration on the apparent viscosity of soy protein concentrate (SPC) were studies here. The results showed that the apparent viscosity of SPC increased with adding NaCl and increasing the pH value could and was greatly affected by the shear rate, while it decreased by adding SDS and was slightly affected by shear rate. Besides, improving temperature could increase the apparent viscosity of SPC but further increase of temperature led to the decrease of the apparent viscosity of SPC.
    3  Research on Enzymatic and Kinetic Characteristics of a New Lipase
    ZHOU Rong YANG Ji-guo WANG Yong-hua LIU Yun YANG Bo
    2007, 23(9):8-11.
    [Abstract](78) [HTML](0) [PDF 217.96 K](299)
    Abstract:
    The enzymatic and kinetic properties of a new lipase with high specific phospholipase activity were explored in this work .It can catalyze the hydrolysis of both lipids and phospholipids. For its lipase activity, the optimum pH value and temperature were 7.0 and 40 ℃, respectively, while the best pH value and temperature for its phospholipase activity were 5.0 and 60 ℃, respectively. The enzyme was stable within the pH value range of 4.0~9.0 and at 50 ℃. Its lipase activity and phospholipase activity reduced to 79.80% and 61.1% respectively at 50 ℃ for 24 h. However, it was found unstable at 60 ℃ as only 17% of its lipase activity remained at 60 ℃ for 15 min and its residual phospholipase activity at 60 ℃ for 1 h and 5 h were found to be 26.39% and 13.89%, respectively. The kinetic and thermodynamic parameters for the lipase catalyzed reactions were determined and the results indicated that the catalysis efficiency of the enzyme in triglyceride hydrolysis was higher than that in phospholipids hydrolysis, which was demonstrated by its capability in catalyzing the degumming of rapeseed oil.
    4  Initial Screening of High-yield Yeast Strain and Optimization of Nutritional Conditions for Glutathione(GSH)
    YUAN Hong-li CAI Jun QIU Yan-lin
    2007, 23(9):12-14.
    [Abstract](90) [HTML](0) [PDF 240.38 K](326)
    Abstract:
    Comparing the yield of glutathione from 14 different species of yeast strains kept in the Key Lab of Hubei Industrial Microbiology, it was found that the highest glutathione yield was 127.785 mg/L achieved by Saccharomycodes ludwigii log. The nutritional conditions were further investigated. Results showed that the optimum carbon source was glucose. Nitrate could inhibit the growth of yeasts, and organic nitrogen sources could benefit the growth. For the growth of yeast cell and the metabolism in fermentation, KH2PO4 was selected as one of the basic ingredients of culture medium. The basic medium ingredients were also optimized with orthogonal test. The yield of GSH by Saccharomycodes ludwigii log could be greatly improved and up to148.547 mg/L.
    5  Application of Uniform Design in Optimization of Yuba Quality Control
    BAI Wei-dong ZENG Xiao-fang ZHAO Wen-hong CHANG Zheng
    2007, 23(9):15-19.
    [Abstract](66) [HTML](0) [PDF 6.51 M](500)
    Abstract:
    The influences of some factors on the yuba quality were studied and the processing conditions were optimized by uniform design. The results showed that the optimum soymilk concentration, soybean milk depth, the pH value of soymilk and the temperature were 5.8%, 2.5 cm, 6.80 and 80 ℃, respectively. Besides, during two thirds to one half of the later period, NaHSO3 was added with the weight ratio to dried soybean being of 1/30 for the color protection of yuba and then the yuba was dehydrated at 45 ℃, for 7 h. Under these optimized conditions, high quality and production rate of yuba were achieved.
    6  Study on Differential Expressions of Liver Tissue Proteins in the Alloxan-Induced Hepatic Injury in Mice
    LIU An-jun MENG Yan-li CAO Dong-xu WANG Wei-jun
    2007, 23(9):20-23.
    [Abstract](61) [HTML](0) [PDF 7.39 M](324)
    Abstract:
    Objective: To research the differential expression of liver tissue proteins in the Alloxan-Induced hepatic injury in mice by using the simpler method to extract the proteins of liver tissue in mice and provide the theoretical study of the mechanism of alloxan-induced hepatic injury. Methods: The mice were divided into two groups. In the model group, the mice were injected with alloxan and in the control group they were injected with 0.9% brine. Then the liver tissues of the killed mice in the two groups were investigated on aspect and histology. Proteins in the liver tissue were deposited into different grades and the attained proteins were separated by SDS-PAGE grads electrophoresis with colloidal staining method. The differential expressions of proteins in the model group and the control group were analyzed and the peptide mass fingerprints were detected with MALDI-TOF-MS. The corresponding proteins were retrieved in Databank. Results: The differential depressions of proteins were found both in the water-soluble proteins and non-water-soluble proteins in the two groups. One of the differential proteins in water-solubility-protein extracted by 50% acetone was choose for further analysis and was found to be an unnamed protein.
    7  Studies on the Adsorption Isotherms of Egg Powder
    LI Yan-po MA Cheng-jin HUANG Qun WU Biao MA Mei-hu
    2007, 23(9):24-28.
    [Abstract](75) [HTML](0) [PDF 20.90 M](385)
    Abstract:
    The adsorption, desorption and hysteresis properties of the freeze drying All-egg powder, Albumen powder and vitellus powder at 10 ℃, 20 ℃, 30 ℃ and 40 ℃ were studied. The Regression equation of absorption isotherms curves of the three kinds of egg powders was obtained and the BET surface values of these egg powders were also achieved.
    8  Effects of Cultivation Conditions on Cordycepin Production by Cordyceps militaris
    WAN Tao DU Lian-xiang
    2007, 23(9):29-31.
    [Abstract](91) [HTML](0) [PDF 232.42 K](257)
    Abstract:
    The influences of cultivation conditions on the cordycepin production via submerged cultivation of Cordyceps militaris in the shake flask, were investigated by single factor and orthogonal experiments. The results indicated that the optimal temperature, shaking speed and initial pH value for cordycepin production were 25 ℃, 150 r/min and 5.0, respectively, under which 16.20 g/L of biomass and 264.00 mg/L of cordycepin were achieved.
    9  Culture of Recombinant E. Coli Strain Producing Phenylalanine Ammonia Lyase (PAL)
    CUI Jian-dong TAN Zhi-lei LI Fei JIA Shi-ru
    2007, 23(9):32-34.
    [Abstract](94) [HTML](0) [PDF 318.56 K](304)
    Abstract:
    In order to improve the yield and activity of phenylalanine ammonia lyase (PAL) produced by recombinant E. coli strain, the culture conditions of recombinant E .coli strain carrying PAL gene of Rhodotorula toruloides was studied and optimized. The results showed that the optimal original glucose concentration, C/N ratio, the inoculation size and the initial pH value, fermentation time were 20 g/L, 7.86, 10%, 7.5 and 18 h, respectively. It was also found that the PAL activity was significantly improved by adding 5 g/L peptone and 5g/L yeast powder in fermentation medium. Under the optimized conditions, the PAL activity reached 70 U/g (DCW), which is 1.6 times higher than that under original fermentation conditions.
    10  Changes of Ultra-Structure and Tenderness of Duck Meat Under Curing Treatment
    ZUO Wei-yong WANG Jian ZANG Da-cun SHI Shuai
    2007, 23(9):35-38.
    [Abstract](96) [HTML](0) [PDF 11.47 M](350)
    Abstract:
    The effect of curing treatment on duck meat tenderness was investigated. Fresh duch meat samples were cured in 20, 40, 60 and 80 g/L NaCl solution, respectively, for further analysis. The results of DSC thermograms of tissue showed that the shear values and the maximum temperatures of thermal denaturation were decreased with increasing NaCl concentration. Cured with NaCl solution enhanced the structural damage to the myofibrils, especially with the NaCl concentration of 20~40 g/L.
    11  Studies on Screening of the Strains for Production of Ganoderma Lucidum Polysaccharide by Submerged Fermentation and Optimizating the Culture Conditions
    ZANG Jin LUO Jian-cheng HUANG Kai-xun
    2007, 23(9):39-41.
    [Abstract](78) [HTML](0) [PDF 189.32 K](349)
    Abstract:
    The capacities of the Ganoderma lucidum strains for production of Ganoder Lucidum Polysaccharide (GLP) by submerged fermentation were examined and Ganoderma lucidum G22 was shown to be the best one. The fermentation conditions for GLP production by Ganoderma lucidum G22 were also studied and the optimal fermenting temperature, shaking rate, the initial pH value of the medium and fermenting time were 28 ℃, 180 r/min, 6.0 and 144 h, respectively, under which the yield of GLP was improved to 2.315 g/L.
    12  Extraction of the Essential Oils from Citrus Peels by Steam Distillation
    ZHAO Wen-hong ZHAO Xuan BAI Wei-dong CHEN Shu-jun
    2007, 23(9):42-44.
    [Abstract](100) [HTML](0) [PDF 8.36 M](359)
    Abstract:
    The extraction of the essential oils from the peels of Shatin pomelo, orange and lemon by steam distillation were studied. The effects of the factors on the oil yield were determined. The results showed that the optimum extracting time was 90 min. Proper smash of the peels could improve the oil yield but excessive smash of the peels led to the decrease of the oil yield. The yields of the essential oils from dried peels of Shatin pomelo, orange and lemon were 55.2%, 19.5%, 77.5% higher than those from the fresh peels respectively, while the quality of the essential oil was worse than that of the fresh peels. Besides, the addition of sodium chloride, sodium sulfate, calcium carbonate improved the yields of essential oils from Shatian pomelos and lemon peels, but had little effect on the oil yield from orange peels.
    13  Extraction of Tea Polyphenols in Camellia Chryscath
    YAN Dong-mei LI Ren-ju QIU Hua WANG Wei LI Xin
    2007, 23(9):45-49.
    [Abstract](53) [HTML](0) [PDF 228.09 K](276)
    Abstract:
    The extraction of tea polyphenols (TPs) in dry Camellia chryscath was studied. The influence of some key factors on TPs extraction yield was investigated and the optimal ethanol concentration, solid-liquid ratio, microwave power, microwave heating time, dipping time under normal temperature before and after microwave treatment were found to be 30%, 1:30, 500 w, 40 s, 20 min and 1 h, respectively. Under the optimized extraction conditions, the extraction yield of TPs reached 9.36%.
    14  Effects of Casein Hydrolysate on Fermentation Time and Quality of Yogurts
    LUO An-dong ZHOU Xue-song ZENG Jian-xin ZHAO Mou-ming
    2007, 23(9):50-52.
    [Abstract](80) [HTML](0) [PDF 263.08 K](286)
    Abstract:
    Effects of casein hydrolysate (CH) on fermentation time, starter dosage, viscosity, taste, mouthfeel and stability of yogurt with YC-380, ABT-7 and FAST-89 as starters were studied in the paper. Results showed that CH could obviously shorten the fermentation time of yogurts. With half of the starter dosages, adding CH could slightly shorten the fermentation time. Addition of CH also had influence on the viscosity and mouthfeel of yogurts and could improve the thickness of yogurts. However, it showed little effect on it taste and the separating of whey in yogurts.
    15  Research on the Processing of Shrimp Wastes
    LIU Fang YE Ke-nan
    2007, 23(9):53-54.
    [Abstract](74) [HTML](0) [PDF 170.49 K](302)
    Abstract:
    The processing of shrimp shell, the by-product of shrimp processing, was studied. Using the determined processing technologies, 24% of chitin, 22% of chitson, 13% of glucosamine hydrochloride, 43% of calcium carbonate and 4.4% of protein were obtained from shrimp shell.
    16  Preliminary Research on Nutrition Value and Shelf-life of Fish Cake
    DONG jie JIANG Yun-sheng WU Dong-he QIAN Min-hua
    2007, 23(9):55-57.
    [Abstract](77) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    The nutrition and hygienic quality of fish cake were studied in this paper. The analysis of fish cake nutrition showed that fish cake had high protein content and low fat content, especially suitable for the ages and children. The aW values of several kinds of fish cakes were about 0.9, indicating that fish cake was easily decomposed. Through the examination of some hygienic index (CFU/g and MPN of E. coli) and sensory evaluation of the fish cakes preserved with different methods, we found that adding preservative such as potassium sorbate (4 ℃), adopting vacuum packaging (4 ℃) and quick freezing technology (-20 ℃) could improve the shelf-life of fish cake. This study provided references for the preservation of fish cake.
    17  Hydrolysis of Desalted Salt-pickled Duck Egg White
    LIN Jing-fen LIN Jie ZHENG Hua
    2007, 23(9):58-61.
    [Abstract](164) [HTML](0) [PDF 226.66 K](446)
    Abstract:
    Enzymatic hydrolysis of the salt-pickled duck egg whit with the desaltification rate up to 84.88% was investigated. Trypsin and flavourzyme were chosen as biocatalysts for the reaction. Reults showed that flavourzyme should be added after the trypsin-catalyzed hydrolysis of the salt-pickled duck egg whit had been carried out for 1 h. And the optimal substrate concentration, Trypsin dosage, flavourzyme enzymes, pH value and temperature were 5 %, 4000 U/g(sub), 700 U/g(sub), 8.5 and 50 ℃, respectively.
    18  Research on Ultrasonic Wave Extraction of Total Flavones from Folium Artemisiae Argyi
    GONG Zhen-lin YAN Ke-yu JIA Yu-hong
    2007, 23(9):62-64.
    [Abstract](123) [HTML](0) [PDF 4.96 M](485)
    Abstract:
    Object: To investigating the optimum extracting conditions of the total flavones in Folium artemisiae argyi. Methods: The extracting conditions of the total flavones in folium artemisiae argyi by ultrasonic waves were optimized by the single-factor and orthogonal experiments. Using rutin as control reagent and aluminium nitrate as colorimetric reagent, the absorbency of total flavones was determined with colorimetric wavelength at 510 nm. Results: The best dipping time in 60% alcohol, ulgtrasonic wave power and extraction time were 24 h, 200 W and 40 min, respectively. Conclusions: The flavonoid compounds were in abundance in Folium Artemisiae Argyi and had strong anti-oxidant activity. The results also indicated a promising prospect fro development of Folium Artemisiae Argyi.
    19  Research Progress of Diacetyl and its Enzymatic Control in Brewing
    LI Jian-rong QIU Ji-ying
    2007, 23(9):65-68.
    [Abstract](70) [HTML](0) [PDF 0.00 Byte](0)
    Abstract:
    One of the key indices indicating the maturation of beers was the change of some flavors in beer, such as diacetyl. The conversion of diacetyl was slow and its content would rise again after the beer was canned or bottled. α-Acetolactate decarboxylase was usually used to control the content of diacetyl, which could catalyze the conversion of α-acetolactate (the precursor of diacetyl ) to acetoin in order to prevent the synthesis of diacetyl, lower the maturation time of beer and improve the stability of flavors in beer. In this paper, the formation and reabsorption of diacetyl, the mechanism of α-acetolactate decarboxylase-mediated reduction of diacetyl and the progress of α-acetolactate decarboxylase research were reviewed.
    20  Detection of the Contents of Benzoic Acid, Sorbic Acid and Sacchride in Milk Beverage by HPLC
    ZHANG Qun PAN Zhao-ping
    2007, 23(9):69-70.
    [Abstract](79) [HTML](0) [PDF 4.81 M](331)
    Abstract:
    The contents of benzoic acid, sorbic acid and sacchride in milk beverage were determined by HPLC. The sample was treated by adding proteins precipitating agent to precipitate the protein, filtered using 0.45 m and then analyzed by HPLC on a 4.6 m150 mm ODS-C18 column using a UV detector at 230 nm. And the mobile phase was a mixture of menthol and ammonium acetate buffer (97/3, v/v) at a flow rate of 1.0 ml/min. The results were reliable and accurate.
    21  Preliminary Research of Discrimination of Adulterated Honey with Physical Methods
    LIU Zhi-ming ZHANG Rui ZHANG Juan
    2007, 23(9):71-73.
    [Abstract](72) [HTML](0) [PDF 4.32 M](346)
    Abstract:
    The discrimination between pure honey and adulterated honey were studied by investigating their common physical characteristics and rheological properities. The pH value, conductivity, sugar content, viscosity, density and rheological properties of pure honey and such honey samples adulterated with sucrose, CMC-Na, pectin, starch, calcium chloride, urea and water were measured. The results showed that both the pure honey and the honey adulterated with sucrose were of non-Newtonian fluids. So they could be distinguished by the changes of their viscosity with adding water but not the difference of their rheological properties. Due to the differences in their rheological properties and some other physical properties, the other examined adulterated honey could be distinguished from the pure honey.
    22  Research on HG-AFS Determination of Trace Arsenic in Vegetable Oil
    FU Shu-lin LAN Jie-na
    2007, 23(9):74-77.
    [Abstract](74) [HTML](0) [PDF 9.13 M](361)
    Abstract:
    The trace amount of arsenic (As) in vegetable oil was determined by hydride generation atomic fluorescence spectrometry method (HG-AFS). The programmable temperature ashing of samples could avoid the As loss. 2 % HCI and 15 g/L KBH4 were used as acid medium and reducing agent, respectively. The effects of some factors on the fluorescence intensity of arsenic, such as acid medium, HCl concentration, the amount of KBH4, the lamp electricity, etc., were investigated and optimized. Within the As content range of 0.0~35.0 g/L, a linear calibration curve for arsenic was obtained and the correlative coefficient and detection limit were of 0.9998 and 0.04 µg/L, respectively. Besides, the recovery rates, the RSDs of the standard solution and standards were found to be 85.3%~95.5%, 0.57%~1.20% and 4.87%~5.12%, respectively. The method was simple, fast and with high sensitivity, which could be applied to the analysis of trace amounts of arsenic in vegetable oil.
    23  Monitoring of Conventional Index of Soybean Oil
    JIAO Yun-peng JIANG Chang-xing
    2007, 23(9):78-80.
    [Abstract](73) [HTML](0) [PDF 250.32 K](335)
    Abstract:
    In order to effectively improve the color, flavor, taste and stability and eliminate some poisonous substances, the soybean oil should be refined. In this paper, the test methods of conventional index for the refining process of the soya bean oil and some influencing factors were discussed to provide a suitable fast method for the monitoring and regulating of the whole refining process of soya bean oil.
    24  Analysis of the Nitrite Content in Spiced Meat in Chaozhou and the Application of Chitosan in Spiced Meat Production
    XIN Shu-wen LIU Qiao-min CHEN Xiao-duan XU Dan-dan
    2007, 23(9):81-83.
    [Abstract](63) [HTML](0) [PDF 201.65 K](263)
    Abstract:
    The nitrate contents in the commercial spiced meats available in Chaozhou city were measured. The results showed that the nitrite contents in 217 samples of 4 kinds of spiced meats were impermissibly high, different only in degree. And the quantified rates of spiced pork, spiced chicken, spiced goose and spiced duck meat were 62.9%, 64.5%, 71.8%, 76.6%, respectively. It was also found that the water-soluble chitosan could be used as antiseptic for spiced meats, due to its bacteriostasis and capability of inhibiting the nitrate formation.
    25  Preliminary Research on the Measurement of Fatty Acid Composition of the Vegetable Oil by Capillary Column Chromatography
    WANG Jiang-rong ZHOU Jiang-ping LIU Rong DENG Zhi-jian HUANG Li
    2007, 23(9):84-87.
    [Abstract](95) [HTML](0) [PDF 3.67 M](343)
    Abstract:
    Pure methyl esters were prepared using common oil plant seeds and the fatty acid composition of the achieved oil was measured by capillary column chromatography. The kinds and dosage of reagents for fast preparation of the methyl esters were investigated and the chromatographic conditions using two kinds of capillary columns were optimized. Under the determined conditions, the fatty acid contents in the oil were in accord with the national standards. Compared the standards values with ECL values, the method was steady and credible, because the difference of comparison was little. This simple, fast, accurate method was suitable for determining fatty acid composition of samples in large quantities.
    26  Coordination Characteristics of Chitosan on Zn/Fe Ions and the Application of the Coordination Compound
    JIANG Ying ZHAI Qing GUO Hua TAN Hui GUO Si-yuan
    2007, 23(9):88-92.
    [Abstract](63) [HTML](0) [PDF 3.40 M](667)
    Abstract:
    The coordination compound formed by chitosan and metal ions possessed the characteristics both of chitosan and metal ions, which showed better performances than free chitosan or metal ions in many fields. Therefore, there was a promising application prospect on nutrition and health function, food additives, medicine and agriculture. In this paper, the physical property, coordination characteristics, structure and application of the coordination compound were introduced with emphasis.
    27  Progress of Researches on the Main Organic Acids in Honeysuckle
    XIE Bi-xiu SUN Zhi-da
    2007, 23(9):93-97.
    [Abstract](130) [HTML](0) [PDF 502.86 K](560)
    Abstract:
    As one of traditional Chinese medicines, Honeysuckle has complicated chemical composition. In this paper, the varieties, distribution, contents, analysis, identification, isolation and purification, determination of the contents, bioactivity and product development of main organic acids in Honeysuckle were discussed.
    28  Primary Exploration for the Teaching Reform of the Course of Instrumental Analysis for Food Speciality
    XU Bin DONG Ying JIANG Song
    2007, 23(9):98-100.
    [Abstract](78) [HTML](0) [PDF 189.61 K](245)
    Abstract:
    Instrumental analysis is one of the required courses for students of food Speciality. In order to improve the teaching quality, the course content should be based on the basic requirement of instrumental analysis and meanwhile coping with the latest development in this field. Excellent textbooks and courseware at home and abroad should be accepted and courseware should be devised by modern information technology and teaching techniques to describe the lecture with more pictures and simplify the explanation of the complex processes. The experiment content should be constantly improved for establishing new teaching modes.

    Editor in chief:李琳

    Inauguration:现代食品科技

    International standard number:ISSN 1673-9078

    Unified domestic issue:CN 44-1620/TS

    Domestic postal code:46-349

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