Abstract:The monomer and dimer of proanthocyanidins in grape seeds were obtained by gradient and enzymatic extraction, isolation with macroporous adsorption resin, and purification by TLC. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were as follows: 60% ethanol (1:7 w/v), at 50 ℃ and 3 times (30 min/time). The extraction ratios of proanthocyanidins in gradient extractions were (7.7341~281.494) mg/100 g grape seeds and highest content of proanthocyanidins was achieved using the ethyl acetate as extraction reagent followed by acetone, ethanol and ether. The free-radical scavenging effect of the ethanol extracts was higher (with the inhibitory ratio being of 85.13%) than those of ether extracts (77.60%) and ethyl acetate extracts (48.64%)(conc.0.004 g/mL). High content of oligometic proanthocyanidins isolated by macroporous adsorption resinwere was achived using 40% ethanol. After purification with TLC ( elution system: toluene/acetone/acetic acid=2/2/1), the yields of monomer and dimmer in ethyl acetate and ether components were 33.25%, 60.64% and 16.23%, 10.13%, respectively.

Abstract:Flavourzyme and alcalase was used for hydrolysis of the soybean cake and the properties of obtained peptides were examined here. The optimum conditions of the hydrolysis of the soybean cake were gotten by single factor experiment. Results showed that for the Alcalase-catalyzed hydrolysis, the optimum temperature, substrate concentration, ratio of Alcalase to substrate, pH value and time were 55 ℃, 5.0%, 10000U/g, 8.0 and 0.5h, respectively, and the optimal ratio of Flavourzyme to substrate, pH value and reaction time for the subsequently performed Flavourzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis, were 0.5%, 7.5 and 3h, respectively. The solubility of the obtained protein from the soybean meal was higher than that of the soybean separate, but its viscosity was lower than that of the soybean separate. The molecular weights of achieved oligo-peptide were within 500D and 1200D were predominated. This research can be helpful to the application of hydrolysis of soy protein.

Abstract:In the paper, using Bifidobacterium Pullorum multiplication medium, Bifidobacterium Pullorum was isolated and purified from the feces of the healthy piglets which were 30 days old. Their physiological and biological characteristics were also identified.

Abstract:The fermentation conditions of Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) PS202 were determined by single-factor test and orthogonal test. From the results, the optimal sucrose content, beef extract content, the growth factor, pH value, shaking rate, temperature and extraction time for the fermentation were 5%, 0.2%, 1.2%, 7.2~7.5, 30 ℃, 200 r/min and 96 h, respectively. Under those conditions, the yield of EPSs was 3.14%.

Abstract:Objective: to study antihypertensive effects of alcoholic extracts from salsola using hypertension model rats induced by Nω-Nitro-L-Ariginine (L-NNA). Methods: For achieving murine hypertension models, L-NNA was intraperitoneal injected into rats, then different dose of the alcohol extracts were perfused into the stomach of rats. Result: In 2 weeks after giving the medicine, the pressure of the rats were decreased in different degree in three treated groups. There was statistically significant difference in comparison of the antihypertensive effects before and after giving medicine (all p<0.01). Conclusion: Alcoholic extracts from salsola had effective antihypertensive activity for rate induced by L-NNA. Its LD50, and its confidence limit of 95% were 14.5008 g/kg and 11.5455~18.2206 g/kg, respectively.

Abstract:The extractions of pericarp of Yongchun citrus by alcohol, aether and ethyl acetate was studied. Extracts were added to lard and peanut oil to determine the POV values in different conditions. Results showed that all extracts from pericarp of Yongchun citrus by different solvents have anti-oxidation effects. In lard, extract by ethyl acetate showed better antioxidant effect than those extracted by other solvents. However, in arachis oil, the antioxidant effect of extract by alcohol was better than those by other solvents. Extracts by ethyl acetate had the best heat resistance in all three extracts after high temperature process.

Abstract:In this paper, reducing ability, free radical scavenging activity and antioxidant capacity of pigment from maize purple plant were investigated. The results showed that maize purple plant pigment had antioxidant ability and free radical scavenging activity. Besides, it had higher ability to resist the autcoxudation of lecithin liposome system induced by Fe2+ than that of ascorbic acids.

Abstract:The blended membrane is prepared with Konjac glucomanna (KGM) and Carrageenan as materials. The effects of KGM concentration and Carrageenan concentration on transparency, thickness and scrubbing performance of the film was determined. The result indicated that, the best pefromance of the film was achieved when the ratio of Konjac glucomanna (KGM) and Carrageenan amount was 6:4.

Abstract:The hydrolysis of protein in whey by P. camemberti was primarily studied. The effect of inoculating size, pH value and the reaction time on the hydrolysis were investigated by determining the free amino acid (FAA) content. The optimal Inoculating size, pH value and the fermentation time were 0.5%, 6 and 2 d, respectively.

Abstract:The effects of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) on the browning and quality of fresh-cut potato were studied. The treatments with different concentration of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) could inhibit the activity of PPO and POD and the treatment with 240 mol/L ClO2 (10 min), 360 mol/L ClO2 (5 min) and 360 mol/L ClO2 (10 min) had better affect. The fresh-cut potato had high activities of PPO, POD which had good correlation with each other, and their activities were related to the browning. The protein concentration of sample was some different with various treatment methods. The effect of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) on fresh-cut potato was better with increasing treatment time and decreasing chlorine dioxide (ClO2) concentration.

Abstract:Complex functional and nutritional oral liquid was produced using aloe, honey suckle and honey as materials and protection of color, enzymatic hydrolysis, selection of stabilizer were also discussed. The result showed that the optimal color fixative, color fixative dosage, stabilizer and stabilizer dosage were gluconic acid lactone, 0.05 mg/ml, β-cyclodextrin and 0.1%, respectively. After hydrolyzed by α-amylase and pectolase, aloe juice with good fluidity was obtained. The best formula of the complex functional and nutritional oral liquid was determined by orthogonal design and sensory evaluation and the optimal aloe juice concentration, honey suckle juice concentration, honey concentration and table sweet concentration were 20%(v/v), 10%(v/v), 1.0%(v/v) and 0.3 mg/ml, respectively. The product has natural flavor of aloe and honey suckle.

Abstract:The processing conditions for the preparation of carrot paper, including the protection of color, moulding, drying and so on, were studied. Results showed that the best protection for the color of carrot was achieved by incubating carrot in 0.5% alum solution at 90℃ for 4 min. for the moulding of carrot paper, The best ratio of CMC to xanthan gum and sodium alginate, total concentration and ratio of carrot to water were 4:5:8, 0.6% and 30%, respectively. Besides, the mixtures were dried by hot air with the wind velocity and temperature being of 1.0 m/s and 60℃, respectively. The achieved carrot paper had the original flavor, color of carrot, uniform texture and suitable strength.

Abstract:This paper studied the quality and taste of the yoghurt fermented with different proportion of some probiotics. The perfect proportions of the mixed probiotics for yoghurt production were 10% bifidobacteria, 4% L.acidophilus,2% L.bulgaricus and 2% S.thermophilus, with which the quantity of living bifidobacteria and L.acidophilus were up to 1.5×108 cfu/ml and 3.1×108cfu/ml, respectively. Adding xylo-oligosaccharide as prebiotics could increase the quantity of living bifidobacteria and adding SOD into the yoghurt after fermentation could maintain a high enzyme activity. The activity of SOD enzyme remained more than 75% when the SOD yoghurt was conserved at 4℃ for 21 days.

Abstract:Three activated carbon powers were used for the absorption and decolorization of the starch syrup in this paper, and their sorption isotherm were drawn, which could be used for choose of the suitable economical activated carbon for industrial production.

Abstract:A new technique for extraction of corn germ oil via enzymatic hydrolysis was developed. The optimum ratio of raw material to liquid, the size of corn germ, cellulose dosage, protease dosage, reaction time for cellulose-catalyzed hydrolysis and for protease-catalyzed hydrolysis were 1:0.5, 120 mesh, 5000 U/g, 500 U/g, 6 h and 3 h, respectively. Under these conditions, the oil extraction rate reached 98.3%.

Abstract:The effects of some factors on the production of protoplasts of flammulina velutipes, such as enzyme dosage, culture age, osmotic stabilizer, hydrolytic temperature and time, were investigated and the optimum conditions for preparation of protoplasts were also investigated. After 4-day liquid culture and 10-day solid culture, the Flammulina velutipes Mycelia was hydrolyzed by 1% cellulase and 1% lysozyme for 1.5h at 25℃ with 0.5M KCl as osmotic stabilizer. The maximum yield was achieved to be above (05~7)×107/ml .

Abstract:The protein in soybean residue was hydrolyzed by various proteinase and two enzymes, papain and flaourzyme, were chosen for this purpose. The most suitable ratio of papain to substrate, ratio of flavourzyme to substrate, the reaction rime by flavourzyme, whole time of the hydrolysis and the substrate concentration were 600 U/g; 1200 U/g; 14.5 h, 16 h and 2%, respectively. After hydrolysis, the recovery of the total nitrogen reached 55.73%.

Abstract:Preserved fruits were very popular in the tropics and subtropics. The processing of semi-finished preserved fruits is very important in production of preserved fruits. In this paper, the processing of semi-finished preserved fruits is classified into four ways, including salt treatment, sulphite treatment, drying and homogenization. The processing principles and techniques of the above-mentioned methods are also summarized. Besides, some problems in the processing of the semi-finished preserved fruits are analyzed in this article.

Abstract:Agricultural product processing industry is the key point of adjusting the agricultural and rural economic structure, which had played an important role in increasing farmer’s income. The paper discussed the current situation of agricultural product processing industry, and the mechanism of improving farmer’s income through it.

Abstract:The principle of quick determining water content of milk power by microwave method is studied. The calibration models of water content of milk power are established with least square method and the results achieved using microwave method are compared with the results determined by standard methods. It was found that the standard deviation using microwave method was less than 0.2% Therefore, microwave technique would be a powerful tool to determine water content of milk power in the production of milk powder.

Abstract:Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), an important method for the identification of genomic modified foods (GMF), was developed for detection of the BT transgenic rice gene. Using this method, 35S-promoter gene, NOS-terminator gene, and cry1Ac gene that commonly existed in transgenic rice were detected. Moreover, new methods based on PCR techniques were established for distinguishing Bt Transgenic Rice from the counterpart of non-GM products and the detection system and for correlating the marked genes and transgenic. The method was easy and fast, and the corresponding results were in accord with the standard or the reported data.

Abstract:Using AC10 capillary column for GC analysis of malathion content in Cereal, the influence of peak height, peak area and retention time, oven temperature, carrier gas flow rate (column flow), detector temperature, injector temperature, purge flow and time for split vent, H2 flow and Air flow, make-up flow rate, were discussed and optimized. The detection limit of the method was 0.005 mg/kg and the recoveries of malathion and coefficient variation ranged from 78.54% to 92.03% and from 1.52% to 5.32%, respectively. Results showed that the sensitivity, accuracy and precision of the method were suitable for the residue analysis of pesticide. It also proved that the detection limit of the method with the optimized chromatographic parameters were in accordance with the requirement for testing MRL of malathion according to the hygienic standard for grains completely.

Abstract:Solid phase extraction and capillary gas chromatography were applied to the determination of four pyrethroid pesticide residues in small white almond samples. The results showed that four kinds of pyrethroid pesticides were separated from each other, and the liner range of standard curve was broad. The minimum detection limit, the relative standard deviation, and the recovery rates of the method were lower than 0.6 g/L (0.214 g/L~0.594 g/L), less than 10% (2.48%~8.05%), and between 76.46%-102.96%, respectively. The method was simple, rapid, economical and had high sensitivity, accuracy and precision. It was suitable for the determination of pyrethroid pesticide residues in small white almond samples as well as in other fruits.

Abstract:Several kinds of Polyethylene glycol with different molecular weight (M=4000、6000、1000、20000) are used as the standard substances in the investigation their maximum absorption bands by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The influences of some factors, including chromogenic reagent dosage, chromogenic reaction time and so on, are also investigated. The optimal amount of iodine, amount of BaCl2 and chromogenic reaction tim are 0.1 mL, 2.0 mL and 420~660 s, respectively. This method is simple, fast and has high accuracy. It is suitable for the determination of rejection rate and water flux of PSF/PAN blend ultrafiltration membrane.

Abstract:Electric conductivity and SCC of the randomly collected cow milk samples were determined and analyzed in this paper. As a result, the content of SCC ranged from 2105/ml to 5105/ml while electric conductivity were 0.40 mho/m~0.55 mho/m. When SCC was >5105/ml, electric conductivity was>0.60mho/m. The results revealed that there were positive correlation between electric conductivity and SCC, which can be used for accurately diagnoseing subclinical mastitis of cow.

Abstract:Mucosal delivery of complex molecules such as peptides, proteins, oligonucleotides, and plasmids is of increasing interest in recent years. Using a hydrophilic polysaccharide (chitosan) as colloidal carriers has become a promising alternative for improving the transport of such macromolecules across biological surfaces. This article reviews the approaches to prepare drug-loaded nanoparticles derived from chitosan and the action mechanism of their efficacy in improvement of the transport of the associated molecule through biological surfaces. Chitosan can form colloidal particles and entrap macromolecules through a number of mechanisms, including ionic crosslinking, covalent crosslinking, desolvating, supramolecular complexation, or self-assemblies. The potential applications and prospects of these new systems for mucosal delivery of macromolecules are also highlighted.

Abstract:The relationships between the molecular structure of chitosan, the material composition of membrane and the application properties of membrane were summarizing. The effects of internal factors, such as the deacetylation degree, cross-linking degree, relative molecular weight and environment conditions, such as pH, plasticizer varieties and dosage, other polysaccharides and the storage age of membrane on the properties of membrane such as penetrability, facility and resist-pull intensity were discussed in brief. The applications of chitosan membrane in food preservation, separation and medical treatment were reviewing. It revealed that there is broad prospect for the research and development of chitosan natural resource.

Abstract:Corn Gluten Meal (CGM) is a by-product of a corn starch plant. This paper simply introduces the chemical composition, nutritional value and unique amino acid component of CGM. Besides, some deep-processed products of CGM, including the albumen yeast powder, amino acid, zein, the yellow pigment and bioactive peptide, were described here.

Abstract:This review introduced the present situation of south grape during its postharvest storage, pointed out the main types of common diseases of south grape in storage, and summarized the microbial prevention and controlling technology on south grape.