Volume 23,Issue 4,2007 Table of Contents

1 Study on Isolation, Purification and the Free-radical Scavenging Effect of Proanthocyanidins from Grape Seed（Ι）

MA Qing-yi , SONG Yan-xian , ZHAO Song-tao

2007, 23(4):1-5.

[Abstract](68) [HTML](0) [PDF 10.28 M](375)

Abstract:
The monomer and dimer of proanthocyanidins in grape seeds were obtained by gradient and enzymatic extraction, isolation with macroporous adsorption resin, and purification by TLC. The results showed that the optimum extraction conditions were as follows: 60% ethanol (1:7 w/v), at 50 ℃ and 3 times (30 min/time). The extraction ratios of proanthocyanidins in gradient extractions were (7.7341~281.494) mg/100 g grape seeds and highest content of proanthocyanidins was achieved using the ethyl acetate as extraction reagent followed by acetone, ethanol and ether. The free-radical scavenging effect of the ethanol extracts was higher (with the inhibitory ratio being of 85.13%) than those of ether extracts (77.60%) and ethyl acetate extracts (48.64%)(conc.0.004 g/mL). High content of oligometic proanthocyanidins isolated by macroporous adsorption resinwere was achived using 40% ethanol. After purification with TLC ( elution system: toluene/acetone/acetic acid=2/2/1), the yields of monomer and dimmer in ethyl acetate and ether components were 33.25%, 60.64% and 16.23%, 10.13%, respectively.

2 Study on the Hydrolysis of Denatured Soybean Cake via Hydrolysis by Two Enzymes and the Properties of the Obtained Peptides

QIAN Lei , ZHANG Ye-ni , TANG Xiang-yu , LU Fu-ping

2007, 23(4):6-10.

[Abstract](95) [HTML](0) [PDF 262.19 K](247)

Abstract:
Flavourzyme and alcalase was used for hydrolysis of the soybean cake and the properties of obtained peptides were examined here. The optimum conditions of the hydrolysis of the soybean cake were gotten by single factor experiment. Results showed that for the Alcalase-catalyzed hydrolysis, the optimum temperature, substrate concentration, ratio of Alcalase to substrate, pH value and time were 55 ℃, 5.0%, 10000U/g, 8.0 and 0.5h, respectively, and the optimal ratio of Flavourzyme to substrate, pH value and reaction time for the subsequently performed Flavourzyme-catalyzed hydrolysis, were 0.5%, 7.5 and 3h, respectively. The solubility of the obtained protein from the soybean meal was higher than that of the soybean separate, but its viscosity was lower than that of the soybean separate. The molecular weights of achieved oligo-peptide were within 500D and 1200D were predominated. This research can be helpful to the application of hydrolysis of soy protein.

3 Isolation, Purification and Identification of Bifidobacterium Pullorum from Piglets Feces

WEN Yu , YANG Ru-de

2007, 23(4):11-13.

[Abstract](105) [HTML](0) [PDF 284.47 K](309)

Abstract:
In the paper, using Bifidobacterium Pullorum multiplication medium, Bifidobacterium Pullorum was isolated and purified from the feces of the healthy piglets which were 30 days old. Their physiological and biological characteristics were also identified.

4 Study on Fermentation of Polysaccharides PS202

YU Ya-jing , ZHU Ping , ZHOU Yan-hua , YANG Hui , ZHOU He-zhi

2007, 23(4):14-16.

[Abstract](93) [HTML](0) [PDF 187.50 K](214)

Abstract:
The fermentation conditions of Exopolysaccharides (EPSs) PS202 were determined by single-factor test and orthogonal test. From the results, the optimal sucrose content, beef extract content, the growth factor, pH value, shaking rate, temperature and extraction time for the fermentation were 5%, 0.2%, 1.2%, 7.2~7.5, 30 ℃, 200 r/min and 96 h, respectively. Under those conditions, the yield of EPSs was 3.14%.

5 Antihypertensive Effects of Alcoholic Extracts from Salsola

MENG Xiang-ping , LIU Jian-xue

2007, 23(4):17-19.

[Abstract](89) [HTML](0) [PDF 262.08 K](230)

Abstract:
Objective: to study antihypertensive effects of alcoholic extracts from salsola using hypertension model rats induced by Nω-Nitro-L-Ariginine (L-NNA). Methods: For achieving murine hypertension models, L-NNA was intraperitoneal injected into rats, then different dose of the alcohol extracts were perfused into the stomach of rats. Result: In 2 weeks after giving the medicine, the pressure of the rats were decreased in different degree in three treated groups. There was statistically significant difference in comparison of the antihypertensive effects before and after giving medicine (all p<0.01). Conclusion: Alcoholic extracts from salsola had effective antihypertensive activity for rate induced by L-NNA. Its LD50, and its confidence limit of 95% were 14.5008 g/kg and 11.5455~18.2206 g/kg, respectively.

6 Antioxidation of Extracts from Pericarp of Yongchun citrus

WU Zheng-sheng , HUANG Ming-jie

2007, 23(4):20-22.

[Abstract](83) [HTML](0) [PDF 191.22 K](245)

Abstract:
The extractions of pericarp of Yongchun citrus by alcohol, aether and ethyl acetate was studied. Extracts were added to lard and peanut oil to determine the POV values in different conditions. Results showed that all extracts from pericarp of Yongchun citrus by different solvents have anti-oxidation effects. In lard, extract by ethyl acetate showed better antioxidant effect than those extracted by other solvents. However, in arachis oil, the antioxidant effect of extract by alcohol was better than those by other solvents. Extracts by ethyl acetate had the best heat resistance in all three extracts after high temperature process.

7 Antioxidant Activities of Pigment from Maize Purple plant in Vitro

ZHOU Bo , WANG Xiao-hong , CHEN Li-li , GUO Lian-ying , ZHANG Zhuo , XU Chao

2007, 23(4):23-25.

[Abstract](85) [HTML](0) [PDF 185.63 K](361)

Abstract:
In this paper, reducing ability, free radical scavenging activity and antioxidant capacity of pigment from maize purple plant were investigated. The results showed that maize purple plant pigment had antioxidant ability and free radical scavenging activity. Besides, it had higher ability to resist the autcoxudation of lecithin liposome system induced by Fe2+ than that of ascorbic acids.

8 Preliminary Study on the Preparation and Properties of Carrageenan Konjac/Glucomannan B1end Films

XIE Jian-hua , PANG Jie , LIN Hui-qing , WU Jie , HE Jia-bing

2007, 23(4):26-27.

[Abstract](88) [HTML](0) [PDF 202.98 K](359)

Abstract:
The blended membrane is prepared with Konjac glucomanna (KGM) and Carrageenan as materials. The effects of KGM concentration and Carrageenan concentration on transparency, thickness and scrubbing performance of the film was determined. The result indicated that, the best pefromance of the film was achieved when the ratio of Konjac glucomanna (KGM) and Carrageenan amount was 6:4.

9 Hydrolysis of Whey Protein by P. camemberti

WU Shuang , LI Wen-zhao , ZHANG Jing-jin

2007, 23(4):28-30.

[Abstract](71) [HTML](0) [PDF 176.60 K](257)

Abstract:
The hydrolysis of protein in whey by P. camemberti was primarily studied. The effect of inoculating size, pH value and the reaction time on the hydrolysis were investigated by determining the free amino acid (FAA) content. The optimal Inoculating size, pH value and the fermentation time were 0.5%, 6 and 2 d, respectively.

10 Effects of Stable Chlorine Dioxide on Fresh-Cut Potato Quality and Its Enzymatic Browning

ZHENG Shu-fang , SUN Cheng-xu , LI Wu , GAO Li-pu

2007, 23(4):31-32.

[Abstract](72) [HTML](0) [PDF 267.09 K](264)

Abstract:
The effects of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) on the browning and quality of fresh-cut potato were studied. The treatments with different concentration of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) could inhibit the activity of PPO and POD and the treatment with 240 mol/L ClO2 (10 min), 360 mol/L ClO2 (5 min) and 360 mol/L ClO2 (10 min) had better affect. The fresh-cut potato had high activities of PPO, POD which had good correlation with each other, and their activities were related to the browning. The protein concentration of sample was some different with various treatment methods. The effect of chlorine dioxide (ClO2) on fresh-cut potato was better with increasing treatment time and decreasing chlorine dioxide (ClO2) concentration.

11 Production of Complex Functional and Nutritional Oral Liquid with Aloe, Honey suckle and Honey

CHEN Yi-yong , WANG Cai-xia , ZHAO Li-ming , GUAN Jing-fei

2007, 23(4):33-37.

[Abstract](114) [HTML](0) [PDF 418.30 K](318)

Abstract:
Complex functional and nutritional oral liquid was produced using aloe, honey suckle and honey as materials and protection of color, enzymatic hydrolysis, selection of stabilizer were also discussed. The result showed that the optimal color fixative, color fixative dosage, stabilizer and stabilizer dosage were gluconic acid lactone, 0.05 mg/ml, β-cyclodextrin and 0.1%, respectively. After hydrolyzed by α-amylase and pectolase, aloe juice with good fluidity was obtained. The best formula of the complex functional and nutritional oral liquid was determined by orthogonal design and sensory evaluation and the optimal aloe juice concentration, honey suckle juice concentration, honey concentration and table sweet concentration were 20%(v/v), 10%(v/v), 1.0%(v/v) and 0.3 mg/ml, respectively. The product has natural flavor of aloe and honey suckle.

12 Preparation of Carrot Paper

LUO Feng-ying , DUAN Shan

2007, 23(4):38-41.

[Abstract](79) [HTML](0) [PDF 227.61 K](239)

Abstract:
The processing conditions for the preparation of carrot paper, including the protection of color, moulding, drying and so on, were studied. Results showed that the best protection for the color of carrot was achieved by incubating carrot in 0.5% alum solution at 90℃ for 4 min. for the moulding of carrot paper, The best ratio of CMC to xanthan gum and sodium alginate, total concentration and ratio of carrot to water were 4:5:8, 0.6% and 30%, respectively. Besides, the mixtures were dried by hot air with the wind velocity and temperature being of 1.0 m/s and 60℃, respectively. The achieved carrot paper had the original flavor, color of carrot, uniform texture and suitable strength.

13 Study on the SOD Yoghurt Fermented by Probiotics

Yu Bao-ning

2007, 23(4):42-46.

[Abstract](87) [HTML](0) [PDF 250.43 K](269)

Abstract:
This paper studied the quality and taste of the yoghurt fermented with different proportion of some probiotics. The perfect proportions of the mixed probiotics for yoghurt production were 10% bifidobacteria, 4% L.acidophilus,2% L.bulgaricus and 2% S.thermophilus, with which the quantity of living bifidobacteria and L.acidophilus were up to 1.5×108 cfu/ml and 3.1×108cfu/ml, respectively. Adding xylo-oligosaccharide as prebiotics could increase the quantity of living bifidobacteria and adding SOD into the yoghurt after fermentation could maintain a high enzyme activity. The activity of SOD enzyme remained more than 75% when the SOD yoghurt was conserved at 4℃ for 21 days.

14 Study on the Absorption and Decolorization of the Starch Syrup by Different Activated Carbons

ZENG Xiang-yan , ZHou Yan-bin , XU Zheng-kang

2007, 23(4):47-49.

[Abstract](94) [HTML](0) [PDF 197.36 K](254)

Abstract:
Three activated carbon powers were used for the absorption and decolorization of the starch syrup in this paper, and their sorption isotherm were drawn, which could be used for choose of the suitable economical activated carbon for industrial production.

15 Study on Extraction of Corn Germ Oil via Enzymatic Hydrolysis with Multiple Steps

LU Zeng , DONG Hai-zhou , HOU Han-xue , LIU Chuan-fu

2007, 23(4):50-53.

[Abstract](90) [HTML](0) [PDF 202.38 K](343)

Abstract:
A new technique for extraction of corn germ oil via enzymatic hydrolysis was developed. The optimum ratio of raw material to liquid, the size of corn germ, cellulose dosage, protease dosage, reaction time for cellulose-catalyzed hydrolysis and for protease-catalyzed hydrolysis were 1:0.5, 120 mesh, 5000 U/g, 500 U/g, 6 h and 3 h, respectively. Under these conditions, the oil extraction rate reached 98.3%.

16 Preparation of Protoplast of Flammulina Velutipes

GONG Shu-li , DENG Fang-ming , CHEN Li-li

2007, 23(4):54-57.

[Abstract](147) [HTML](0) [PDF 558.91 K](338)

Abstract:
The effects of some factors on the production of protoplasts of flammulina velutipes, such as enzyme dosage, culture age, osmotic stabilizer, hydrolytic temperature and time, were investigated and the optimum conditions for preparation of protoplasts were also investigated. After 4-day liquid culture and 10-day solid culture, the Flammulina velutipes Mycelia was hydrolyzed by 1% cellulase and 1% lysozyme for 1.5h at 25℃ with 0.5M KCl as osmotic stabilizer. The maximum yield was achieved to be above (05~7)×107/ml .

17 Enzymatic Hydrolysis of Soybean Residue by two kinds of Proteinase

ZHU Ya-dong , DING Shao-dong

2007, 23(4):58-59.

[Abstract](81) [HTML](0) [PDF 132.45 K](339)

Abstract:
The protein in soybean residue was hydrolyzed by various proteinase and two enzymes, papain and flaourzyme, were chosen for this purpose. The most suitable ratio of papain to substrate, ratio of flavourzyme to substrate, the reaction rime by flavourzyme, whole time of the hydrolysis and the substrate concentration were 600 U/g; 1200 U/g; 14.5 h, 16 h and 2%, respectively. After hydrolysis, the recovery of the total nitrogen reached 55.73%.

18 Processing Techniques and Related Problems of Semi-finished Preserved Fruits

YU Yuan-shan , XIAO Geng-sheng , CHEN Wei-dong , ZHANG You-sheng , HE Dan

2007, 23(4):60-63.

[Abstract](96) [HTML](0) [PDF 243.14 K](271)

Abstract:
Preserved fruits were very popular in the tropics and subtropics. The processing of semi-finished preserved fruits is very important in production of preserved fruits. In this paper, the processing of semi-finished preserved fruits is classified into four ways, including salt treatment, sulphite treatment, drying and homogenization. The processing principles and techniques of the above-mentioned methods are also summarized. Besides, some problems in the processing of the semi-finished preserved fruits are analyzed in this article.

19 Mechanism Analysis of Improving Farmer’s Income through the Agriculture product Processing Industry

ZHAO Jun-hui

2007, 23(4):64-67.

[Abstract](125) [HTML](0) [PDF 278.36 K](284)

Abstract:
Agricultural product processing industry is the key point of adjusting the agricultural and rural economic structure, which had played an important role in increasing farmer’s income. The paper discussed the current situation of agricultural product processing industry, and the mechanism of improving farmer’s income through it.

20 Study of Microwave Technique for Quick Determination of Water Content of Milk Powder

HUANG Ming , YANG Jing-jing , ZHAO Jia-song , ZHANG Jian-long , HU Bao-jing

2007, 23(4):68-69.

[Abstract](151) [HTML](0) [PDF 205.40 K](351)

Abstract:
The principle of quick determining water content of milk power by microwave method is studied. The calibration models of water content of milk power are established with least square method and the results achieved using microwave method are compared with the results determined by standard methods. It was found that the standard deviation using microwave method was less than 0.2% Therefore, microwave technique would be a powerful tool to determine water content of milk power in the production of milk powder.

21 Detection of BT Transgenic Rice Gene by Polymerase Chain Reaction

DENG Hong-ling , GUO Xin-dong , WU Yu-luan

2007, 23(4):71-74.

[Abstract](91) [HTML](0) [PDF 551.84 K](295)

Abstract:
Polymerase Chain Reaction (PCR), an important method for the identification of genomic modified foods (GMF), was developed for detection of the BT transgenic rice gene. Using this method, 35S-promoter gene, NOS-terminator gene, and cry1Ac gene that commonly existed in transgenic rice were detected. Moreover, new methods based on PCR techniques were established for distinguishing Bt Transgenic Rice from the counterpart of non-GM products and the detection system and for correlating the marked genes and transgenic. The method was easy and fast, and the corresponding results were in accord with the standard or the reported data.

22 Study on the Optimization of Chromatographic Parameters in Determination of Malathion in Cereal

WANG Jiang-rong , HUANG Li , DENG Zhi-jian , HUANG Wei

2007, 23(4):75-78.

[Abstract](85) [HTML](0) [PDF 553.90 K](294)

Abstract:
Using AC10 capillary column for GC analysis of malathion content in Cereal, the influence of peak height, peak area and retention time, oven temperature, carrier gas flow rate (column flow), detector temperature, injector temperature, purge flow and time for split vent, H2 flow and Air flow, make-up flow rate, were discussed and optimized. The detection limit of the method was 0.005 mg/kg and the recoveries of malathion and coefficient variation ranged from 78.54% to 92.03% and from 1.52% to 5.32%, respectively. Results showed that the sensitivity, accuracy and precision of the method were suitable for the residue analysis of pesticide. It also proved that the detection limit of the method with the optimized chromatographic parameters were in accordance with the requirement for testing MRL of malathion according to the hygienic standard for grains completely.

23 Determination of Pyrethroid Pesticide Residues in Small White Almond by Capillary Gas Chromatography and Solid Phase Extraction

PANG Xin-an , JIN Yu-xia , LIU Wen-jie , MA Ling , ZHANG Li-li

2007, 23(4):79-82.

[Abstract](82) [HTML](0) [PDF 19.85 M](372)

Abstract:
Solid phase extraction and capillary gas chromatography were applied to the determination of four pyrethroid pesticide residues in small white almond samples. The results showed that four kinds of pyrethroid pesticides were separated from each other, and the liner range of standard curve was broad. The minimum detection limit, the relative standard deviation, and the recovery rates of the method were lower than 0.6 g/L (0.214 g/L~0.594 g/L), less than 10% (2.48%~8.05%), and between 76.46%-102.96%, respectively. The method was simple, rapid, economical and had high sensitivity, accuracy and precision. It was suitable for the determination of pyrethroid pesticide residues in small white almond samples as well as in other fruits.

24 Determination of Characteristics of PSF/PAN Blend Ultrafiltration Membrane by Ultraviolet Spectrophotometry

LIU Wen-shan , XIAO Kai-qun

2007, 23(4):83-85.

[Abstract](78) [HTML](0) [PDF 220.27 K](245)

Abstract:
Several kinds of Polyethylene glycol with different molecular weight (M=4000、6000、1000、20000) are used as the standard substances in the investigation their maximum absorption bands by ultraviolet spectrophotometry. The influences of some factors, including chromogenic reagent dosage, chromogenic reaction time and so on, are also investigated. The optimal amount of iodine, amount of BaCl2 and chromogenic reaction tim are 0.1 mL, 2.0 mL and 420~660 s, respectively. This method is simple, fast and has high accuracy. It is suitable for the determination of rejection rate and water flux of PSF/PAN blend ultrafiltration membrane.

25 Study on Correlation between the Electric Conductivity and SCC in Bovine Milk

FANG Hai-tian , LIU Hui-yan , Deligeersang

2007, 23(4):86-88.

[Abstract](128) [HTML](0) [PDF 261.77 K](272)

Abstract:
Electric conductivity and SCC of the randomly collected cow milk samples were determined and analyzed in this paper. As a result, the content of SCC ranged from 2105/ml to 5105/ml while electric conductivity were 0.40 mho/m~0.55 mho/m. When SCC was >5105/ml, electric conductivity was>0.60mho/m. The results revealed that there were positive correlation between electric conductivity and SCC, which can be used for accurately diagnoseing subclinical mastitis of cow.

26 Research Progress in the Drug-loaded Nanoparticles Derived from Chitosan

WANG Chun , YANG Lian-sheng , FU Xiong

2007, 23(4):89-92.

[Abstract](69) [HTML](0) [PDF 270.72 K](329)

Abstract:
Mucosal delivery of complex molecules such as peptides, proteins, oligonucleotides, and plasmids is of increasing interest in recent years. Using a hydrophilic polysaccharide (chitosan) as colloidal carriers has become a promising alternative for improving the transport of such macromolecules across biological surfaces. This article reviews the approaches to prepare drug-loaded nanoparticles derived from chitosan and the action mechanism of their efficacy in improvement of the transport of the associated molecule through biological surfaces. Chitosan can form colloidal particles and entrap macromolecules through a number of mechanisms, including ionic crosslinking, covalent crosslinking, desolvating, supramolecular complexation, or self-assemblies. The potential applications and prospects of these new systems for mucosal delivery of macromolecules are also highlighted.

27 Filming of Chitosan and Its Applications

QIN Qiu-xiang , GUO Si-yuan

2007, 23(4):93-96.

[Abstract](136) [HTML](0) [PDF 239.55 K](549)

Abstract:
The relationships between the molecular structure of chitosan, the material composition of membrane and the application properties of membrane were summarizing. The effects of internal factors, such as the deacetylation degree, cross-linking degree, relative molecular weight and environment conditions, such as pH, plasticizer varieties and dosage, other polysaccharides and the storage age of membrane on the properties of membrane such as penetrability, facility and resist-pull intensity were discussed in brief. The applications of chitosan membrane in food preservation, separation and medical treatment were reviewing. It revealed that there is broad prospect for the research and development of chitosan natural resource.

28 Recent Advances in Researches on the Application of the Deep Processing of Corn Gluten Meal

WU Ya-mei , CHEN Jian , LI Wei-feng

2007, 23(4):97-100.

[Abstract](134) [HTML](0) [PDF 296.91 K](540)

Abstract:
Corn Gluten Meal (CGM) is a by-product of a corn starch plant. This paper simply introduces the chemical composition, nutritional value and unique amino acid component of CGM. Besides, some deep-processed products of CGM, including the albumen yeast powder, amino acid, zein, the yellow pigment and bioactive peptide, were described here.

29 Research on Microbial Control of Disease of South Grape during its Postharvest Storage

ZENG Lu , LIN Qin-lu , QIN Dan

2007, 23(4):101-102.

[Abstract](69) [HTML](0) [PDF 242.58 K](257)

Abstract:
This review introduced the present situation of south grape during its postharvest storage, pointed out the main types of common diseases of south grape in storage, and summarized the microbial prevention and controlling technology on south grape.

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Volume 23,Issue 4,2007 Table of Contents