Analysis of Bacterial Diversity in White Cashmere Goat Milk and Its Dairy Products Collected from Alxa, Inner Mongolia
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Abstract:
High-throughput sequencing was used to analyze bacterial diversity in 15 samples of white cashmere goat milk and its dairy products collected from Alxa, Inner Mongolia. The samples differed significantly in bacterial diversity and richness (P<0.05). Processing goat milk into traditional dairy products greatly alters the dominant bacterial phyla and genera and introduces many unclassified bacteria. Additionally, the relative abundances of foodborne pathogens, including Enterobacter, Enterococcus, Raoultella, and Pseudomonas, were greatly reduced in the traditional dairy products. At the operational taxonomic unit level, Shurmeg had the richest composition of bacterial species and the highest number of unique bacterial species. According to PICRUSt2-based prediction of gene function, the main metabolic gene functions of bacteria in goat milk and its dairy products included global and overview maps, carbohydrate metabolism, and amino acid metabolism. The results of this study clarify the bacterial diversity in white cashmere goat milk and its dairy products collected in Alxa, Inner Mongolia, providing a basis for comparison of bacterial microbiota, prediction of functional genes, and safety evaluation of goat milk and its dairy products.
