Prevention and Control of Biofungicides on Four Postharvest Pathogenic Fungal Strains in Dragon Fruit
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Abstract:
To clarify the prevention and control effect of five biofungicides (matrine, zhongshengmycin, kasugamycin, polymyxin, and validamycin) on postharvest pathogenic fungi of dragon fruit (Hylocereus undatus), this study aimed to determine the mycelial growth inhibition, laboratory virulence, mycelial conductivity, and nucleic acid leakage of four postharvest pathogenic fungal strains in dragon fruit (Nigrospora sphaerica, Fusarium oxysporum, Epicoccum nigrum, and Neoscytalidium dimidiatum) after treatment with the five biofungicides. In addition, propidium iodide (PI) staining test was conducted to investigate the damaging effect of biofungicides on the cell membranes of pathogenic fungi. The results showed that the inhibition rate of zhongshengmycin on the mycelial growth of E. nigrum was 100% at 3.00 g/L, and the corresponding concentration for 50% of maximal effect (EC50) was 0.59 g/L. The inhibition rates of Picrasidine on the mycelial growth of F. oxysporum, N. sphaerica, and N. dimidiatum were 90.93, 84.17, and 87.80%, respectively, and the corresponding EC50 values were 0.94, 0.71 and 0.62 g/L, respectively. The PI staining test showed that the five biofungicides damaged the cell membranes of the mycelia of the pathogenic fungi in the postharvest H. undatus. Zhongshengmycin and Picrasidine had good inhibitory effects, making them adequate biofungicides for postharvest pathogenic fungi of dragon fruit. This study provides a theoretical basis for the prevention and control of postharvest diseases of H. undatus and the screening of biofungicides applicable to field production.
