Mining the Geraniol Dehydrogenase Gene in a Citral Chemotype of Elsholtzia cyprianii via High-throughput Transcriptome Sequencing
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Abstract:
The essential oil of a medicinal and edible citral chemotype of Elsholtzia cyprianii was extracted and it components were subsequently identified using GC-MS. Transcriptome data were obtained using Illumina high-throughput sequencing (NovaSeq 6000), and key enzyme-coding genes involved in essential oil synthesis were identified. The results showed that the citral content of the E. cyprianii germplasm exceeded 80%. After high-throughput sequencing, a total of 22.08 GB of data and 147 186 998 clean reads were obtained. In total, 33 720 unigenes with an average length of 1799 bp were generated using the Trinity assembly, and all were successfully functionally annotated in seven major open databases. KEGG metabolic pathway analysis revealed that the unigenes were enriched in two monoterpene pathways, with 109 unigenes related to terpenoid backbone biosynthesis (No. ko00900) and 32 unigenes associated with monoterpenoid biosynthesis (No. ko00902). The 1143 bp geraniol dehydrogenase (GeDH) gene encoding 380 amino acids was amplified. The GeDH protein contained conserved Zn2- and NADP-binding sites and a Zn1 structural group similar to that in Perilla. Our findings provide a new breakthrough point for further research on the biosynthesis pathway of monoterpenoids in the characteristic essential oils of Elsholtzia. The mining of GeDH, which encodes a key enzyme that regulates the synthesis of citral essential oils, will prove invaluable in the development and utilization of natural citral essential oils and lays the foundation for increasing the variety of edible flavored oils and natural antibacterial agents for use in food products.
