Antitumor Activity and UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HR/MS Analysis of Allium senescens Extract
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Abstract:
The antitumor activity and chemical composition of extracts from different Allium senescens tissues are presented in this study. MTT assays and scratch tests were used to detect the effects of different plant tissue extracts on the A549 cell proliferation and migration. Cell cycle distribution in control and treated cells was detected by flow cytometry and the expression of cycle-related proteins (CDK2, CDK4, CDC25A, and Cyclin A2) in A549 cells treated with HC-Ea were measured by western blot. The chemical composition of each HC-Ea was analyzed by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HR/MS. Inhibition of A549 cell proliferation increased with increasing concentration, with respective HC-Ea inhibitory concentrations (IC50 values) of 50.81, 32.09 and 25.02 μg/mL observed at 24, 48, and 72 h, respectively. Compared with DMSO, 50, 100, and 200 μg/mL doses of each HC-Ea reduced the scratch healing rate, with their inhibitory effects intensifying with increasing drug dosage. Following treatment of A549 cells with HC-Ea for 48 or 72 h, the proportion of S phase cells in each concentration group increased significantly in a dose-dependent manner. Compared with DMSO treated cells, the expression of CDK2, CDK4, CDC25A, and Cyclin A2 protein in A549 cells in each HC-Ea treated group was reduced, especially with high concentration exposure. A total of 25 compounds from Allium senescens extract were detected by UPLC-Q-Orbitrap HR/MS, including 10 nitrogen compounds and 8 organic acids. This research on the antitumor activity and chemical composition of Allium senescens provides a new reference for industrial applications.
