Effects and Mechanisms of Mixed Grains in Ameliorating High-sucrose Diet-induced Hepatic Lipid Metabolism Disorders in C57BL/6J Mice
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Abstract:
The restorative effect of mixed grains on hepatic lipid metabolism disorders induced by a high-sucrose diet (HSD) in C57BL/6J mice was investigated. Hematoxylin and eosin staining was used to observe pathological alterations in the liver. Assay kits were used to measure serum lipid levels, liver function, and inflammatory cytokines. The mRNA expression levels of factors related to hepatic lipid metabolism and inflammation regulation were determined using qRT-PCR. Comparison of treated and model groups revealed that diabetes-modifying mixed cereal grains (MCG-Dm) significantly reduced the body weight and liver index of HSD mice and decreased hepatic fat accumulation. MCG-Dm intervention significantly improved glycolipid levels and liver functions (triglyceride, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein-cholesterol, fasting blood glucose, aspartate aminotransferase 1, and alanine aminotransferase levels to 1.11 mmol/L, 4.25 mmol/L, 0.36 mmol/L, 0.97 mmol/L, 7.72 mmol/L, 452.5 μg/mL, and 654.5 μg/mL, respectively). Additionally, intervention with MCG-Dm led to a reduction in the hepatic mRNA expression levels of Srebp1 (67.88%), Acc (34.38%), Fas (50.99%), Scd1 (59.88%), Pparγ (72.57%), Cd36 (75.46%), and Apob (41.18%) and increases in the expression levels of Pparα (2.32-fold), Cpt1 (2.20-fold), and Aco (3.95-fold), thereby promoting lipolysis and reducing lipid accumulation in the liver of HSD mice. Furthermore, MCG-Dm mitigated liver damage and decreased the levels of TNF-α and IL-6 in the serum by suppressing the mRNA expression levels of Nfκb (46.74%) and Ikk2 (46.48%) and increasing that of Ikb (2.21-fold). These findings indicate that MCG-Dm ameliorates hepatic inflammation and lipid metabolic disorder induced by a long-term high-sucrose diet, potentially contributing to the development of mixed-grain diet formulations.
