Detection of Staphylococcus aureus Enterotoxins, Biofilm-forming Ability and Associated Genes in Pigeon Slaughtering and Processing
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Abstract:
To understand the enterotoxins, biofilm-forming ability and biofilm formation related genes of Staphylococcus aureus in pigeon slaughter and processing. The enterotoxin contents and biofilmforming abilities of 41 strains of Staphylococcus aureus were determined using the Staphylococcus aureus enterotoxin enzyme-linked immunoassay kit and crystal violet staining method. Meanwhile, 12 enterotoxin genes and 10 biofilm formation-related genes of Staphylococcus aureus were also amplified by PCR. Among the 41 strains of Staphylococcus aureus, 30 strains were enterotoxin-producing strains in enterotoxin enzyme-linked immunoassays. In the detection of enterotoxin genes, 35 strains of bacteria contained enterotoxin genes (with the detection rate being 85.36%), and have carried one or more enterotoxin genes. The detection rates of classical enterotoxin genes weresea (29.27%), seb (29.27%), sec (4.88%), sed (65.85%) and see (2.44%), respectively; The detection rates of novel enterotoxin genes were sel (36.59%), seg (29.27%), sem (17.07%), seu (17.07%), sei (14.63%), she (7.32%) and sek (0.00%), respectively. The detection rates of the strains with weak, moderate and strong biofilm-forming abilities determined by crystalline violet staining were 39.02%, 43.90% and 17.07%, respectively. In the detection of biofilm formation related genes, the detection rates of clfB, luxS and clfA were the highest (all at 100.00%), followed by sarA and ccp (both at 97.56%); the detection rates of sigB, cna, icaA and agrC were 85.37%, 65.85%, 41.46% and 2.44%, respectively, and bap was not detected. In addition, all strains were found to carry multiple biofilm-related genes, and the number of the strains carrying 7 genes was the highest (15/41, 36.59%). The Staphylococcus aureus contaminated in the pigeon slaughtering and processing had more enterotoxins and higher biofilm-forming ability. It was predicted that the Staphylococcus aureus found in the pigeon slaughter and processing was pathogenic and had potential risk of causing food poisoning.
