Comparison of Different Drying Methods on the Drying Characteristics and Quality of Baby Ganoderma lucidums
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Abstract:
Fresh Baby Ganoderma lucidum were taken as the research object, and five different drying methods were employed: Vacuum Freeze Drying (VFD), Hot Air Drying (HAD), Microwave Drying (MD), Far Infrared Drying (FIRD), and Vacuum Drying (VD). The effects of these five drying methods on the drying characteristics and quality of Baby Ganoderma lucidum were investigated. The results showed that VFD performed the best in retaining macroscopic quality and nutrient components, such as polyphenols (4.35 mg/g), flavonoids (3.07 mg/g), and proteins (6.28 mg/g), while also exhibiting the strongest antioxidant activity, although it required the longest drying time (8 hours). MD was the best in preserving polysaccharide content (25.92 mg/g) and had the fastest drying speed, taking only 0.75 hours. HAD showed an advantage in retaining triterpene content (19.95 mg/g). Principal Component Analysis (PCA) was used to evaluate the overall performance of the drying methods, and the ranking based on the composite score was: VFD > MD > HAD > VD > FIRD, with VFD achieving the highest composite score of 2.69. In conclusion, this study evaluated the drying characteristics and quality of Baby Ganoderma lucidum under different drying methods and, through PCA, identified the optimal drying method. This provides high-quality raw material for the development of future Baby Ganoderma lucidum products.
