Ameliorative Effects of Hippophae Rhamnoides L. Leaf Polysaccharides on Learning and Memory Abilities of Rats with Vascular Dementia
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Abstract:
The effect of polysaccharides from Hippophae rhamnoides L. leaves on learning and memory ability was using a model of rats with vascular dementia. The sham operation group, model group, low-and high-dose polysaccharide from H. rhamnoides L. leaf groups (100 and 200 mg/kg), and Nimodipine group (6.25 mg/kg) were set up. The changes in related indicators were detected after 28 days of intervention. The results showed that, compared with that of the model group, the escape latency of low- and high-dose polysaccharides from H. rhamnoides L. leaf groups decreased by 24.35% and 32.90% (P<0.01), the target quadrant residence time increased by 24.35% and 51.30% (P<0.01), number of platform crossings increased by 29.33% and 60.58% (P<0.01), and pathological morphology of hippocampal tissue was alleviated, respectively. The apoptosis rate of hippocampal neurons decreased along with B-cell lymphoma-2 (Bcl-2), associated X protein (Bax), and Caspase-3 mRNA expression (P<0.01). The Bcl-2 mRNA levels increased (P<0.05, P<0.01). The activities of glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), superoxide dismutase (SOD), and catalase (CAT) and expression of nuclear factor E2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) and heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) in the hippocampal tissue increased (P<0.05, P<0.01), while the malondialdehyde (MDA) content decreased (P<0.01). These results indicated that the polysaccharides of H. rhamnoides L. leaves had an ameliorative effect on the learning and memory abilities of rats with vascular dementia by inhibiting apoptosis and oxidative stress, suggesting their potential in the prevention and treatment of vascular dementia.
