Research Progress on Preparation, Activity Analysis, and Structure-activity Relationship of Visceral Bioactive Peptides from Livestock and Poultry
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Abstract:
Livestock viscera is rich in protein, fat, vitamins, and minerals, and it has excellent antioxidant, antiinflammatory, and anti-aging effects. Moreover, it has attracted the attention of many researchers around the world, although the utilization rate of livestock viscera resources is extremely low in China, which has caused a great waste of resources. Using livestock by-products to produce high-value-added products can reduce environmental pollution caused by improper disposal of waste and improve the comprehensive utilization value of by-products, which is beneficial to the sustainable utilization of livestock and poultry resources in China. Bioactive peptides are mainly derived from plants, animals, and microbiology, and they have many functions, such as lowering blood pressure and enhancing immunity, with antioxidant, antibacterial, and anti-inflammatory properties. Bioactive peptides have broad application prospects in food, medicine, and health products. Currently, bioactive peptides are mainly obtained from dairy products and plant proteins; however, there are few reports on the study of poultry viscera as the raw material for bioactive peptide preparation, although a few researchers have studied the structure-activity relationship. In this paper, the methods of preparing bioactive peptides from livestock viscera are summarized. The activities and structure-activity relationships of antihypotensive peptides, antioxidant peptides, anti-inflammatory peptides, and antimicrobial peptides from livestock viscera were discussed. This study provides new ideas and methods for further research of bioactive peptides from livestock viscera, looks forward to existing technical problems, and showcases future research directions.
