Protective Effect of Sacha Inchi Oil on Aβ25-35-induced SH-SY5Y Alzheimer’s Disease Cells
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Abstract:
Human neuroblastoma cells (SH-SY5Y) were utilized to investigate the potential protective effects of sacha inchi oil against Aβ25-35-induced Alzheimer’s disease (AD) cells. Following exposure with Aβ25-35 and varying doses of sacha inchi oil, changes in antioxidant and anti-apoptotic indexes of the AD cell model caused by sacha inchi oil were measured. Results showed that sacha inchi oil, at doses ranging from 0 to 40 μg/mL, did not affect cell viability. However, doses ranging from 0 to100 μg/L exacerbated Aβ25-35-induced cell damage, with a 25 μg/L dose selected to induce the AD cell model. Post-cultivation, the effects of sacha inchi oil on the superoxide dismutase (SOD) and malondialdehyde (MDA) levels were measured. Flow cytometry was employed to assess the degree of apoptosis, mitochondrial membrane potential, and reactive oxygen species (ROS) levels. Western blot analysis was performed to measure Nrf-2, HO-1, Bcl-2, and Bax protein expression levels. Results showed that supplementation with 20 μg/mL and 40 μg/mL of sacha inchi oil decreased MDA levels by 24.24% and 42.73% (P<0.005) and the levels of ROS by 15.34% and 25.53% (P<0.005), and increased levels of SOD by 20.81% and 27.27% (P<0.005), respectively. Furthermore, sacha inchi oil modulated mitochondrial membrane potential, attenuated apoptosis, upregulated Nrf-2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway expression, increased Bcl-2 anti-apoptotic protein expression, and down-regulated Bax pro-apoptotic protein expression. In conclusion, sacha inchi oil demonstrates cell protection by mitigating oxidative stress damage and reversing apoptosis. Its mechanism may involve enhancing the Nrf-2/HO-1 antioxidant pathway and regulating apoptosis-related protein expression.
