Effects of Nine Steaming-nine Drying on the Physicochemical Properties and Antioxidant Activity of Polygonatum sibiricum Red
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Abstract:
To explore the effects of steaming and drying treatments on the types and content of the active ingredients and metabolites of Polygonatum sibiricum Red., low-field nuclear magnetic resonance, the phenol-sulfuric acid method, high performance liquid chromatography-evaporative light scattering detection, and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry were used to analyze moisture distribution, polysaccharide content, monosaccharide composition, and metabolites. The results show that, after multiple steaming and drying treatments, the bound water and polysaccharide content decreased gradually. The pH of the aqueous extract also declined gradually, reaching 4.07 (indicating weak acidity). The reducing sugar, total phenol, and flavonoid content increased slowly to 28.69%, 10.02 mg/g, and 0.69%, respectively. The antioxidant activity also increased gradually. The ABTS scavenging activity peaked at 0.73 mmol/L after P. sibiricum was dried seven times, which was 0.35 mmol/L higher than that after drying only once. The DPPH scavenging activity and FRAP value reached maximums of 81.95% and 1.97 mmol/L, respectively, by the eighth drying treatment, which were 50.92% and 1.72 mmol/L higher, respectively, than those after drying only once. Moreover, sucrose was gradually hydrolyzed, and its content reduced from 18.53~7.62 mg/g. The glucose and fructose content increase from 0.00 and 11.30 mg/g (after the first drying treatment) to 17.25 and 230.89 mg/g, respectively (after the ninth drying treatment). Polygonatum sibiricum samples that were dried once and nine times were compared for their differential metabolites. A total of 1310 metabolites were detected in positive ion mode, and 176 of these were differential metabolites (comprising 38 categories according to their characteristics). A total of 1841 metabolites were detected in negative ion mode, and 148 of these were differential metabolites (comprising 26 categories according to their characteristics). The active components of P. sibiricum vary significantly after steaming and drying. The findings provide a scientific basis for the processing of P. sibiricum.
