Suitability Evaluation of Different Hazelnut Varieties for Hazelnut Milk Production
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Abstract:
To obtain high-quality hazelnut milk through the efficient utilization of hazelnuts, a total of 21 hazelnut samples were collected from four main cultivation areas (north, central, south, arid, and semi-arid regions) and processed into hazelnut milk using standard processes and procedures. Three index types were determined (sensory, physicochemical and nutritional, and processing quality indices) and five core hazelnut milk indicators were selected by correlation and principal component analysis: b*, soluble solids, centrifugal precipitation rate, fats, and proteins. An analytical hierarchy process determined that the weights of these core indicators, which were 7.198%, 10.916%, 14.271%, 27.657%, and 39.959%, respectively. Based on these results, a comprehensive hazelnut milk quality evaluation model was established, and based on the comprehensive quality scores, optimal data segmentation was achieved using cluster analysis. Sample no. 17 (Liaozhen no. 9 from Anhui in southern China) ranked first, with a comprehensive score of 0.92. Liaozhen no. 3 from the north also showed good performance and is recommended for hazelnut milk production. Hazelnuts grown in arid cultivation areas showed poor performances, and they should be considered for further processing to produce other hazelnut products. These results provide a reference for raw material selection and hazelnut cultivation for future hazelnut milk production.
