Sleep-improving Effects of Goat Milk Casein Hydrolysates
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Abstract:
The effects of goat milk casein hydrolysates (GMCH) on sleep promotion and the underlying mechanisms were investigated. Health food standardized methods (sleep test, sodium barbitone sleep latency test, prolonged pentobarbital sleep time test, and subthreshold dose sodium pentobarbital hypnosis test) were used to determine the efficacies of high-dose, medium-dose, and low-dose GMCH groups (700, 400, 100 mg/kg) in improving sleep in mice. Open-field experiments were used to explore further the effects of GMCH on mouse behaviors, and finally the levels of sleep-related neurotransmitters secreted in the hypothalamus of mice were measured. The results showed that GMCH had no direct effect on sleep. Compared with the blank group, the sleep latency of the mice in low-, medium- and high-dose GMCH groups was shortened by 42.86%, 56.63% and 91.18%, respectively; the sleep time was extended by 34.46%, 48.83% and 63.19%, respectively; and the rate of falling asleep increased by 20%, 60% and 80%, respectively. In the open field experiments, the total movement distance was shortened, and the number of central stay, the central stay duration and total rest time increased. The GABA content in the hypothalamus significantly increased (by 64.72%, 41.16% and 56.19%, respectively), the 5-HT content significantly increased (by 25.87%, 33.50% and 43.67%, respectively), and the DA content significantly decreased (by 7.02%, 12.85% and 13.72%, respectively). The NE content significantly decreased (by 18.73%, 23.37% and 29.41%, respectively). In conclusion, GMCH can improve the sleep of mice and has a certain sedative effect, which may play a sleep-promoting role through regulating the level of neurotransmitters in the hypothalamus of mice.
