Extraction, Identification, and Analysis of Morchella Polyphenols via Response Surface Methodology and HPLC
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Abstract:
The extraction process of Morchella polyphenols was optimized via response surface methodology. In addition, single-factor optimization of solvent type, ethanol concentration, solid-liquid ratio, ultrasonic time, ultrasonic temperature, and ultrasonic power were optimized. A three-factor and three-level Box-Behnken design was then implemented based on the factors of greater influence. The optimal process was verified as follows: ethanol concentration of 10%, liquid-to-material ratio of 1:67 (g/mL), ultrasonic extraction time of 90 min, ultrasonic extraction temperature of 33 ℃, and ultrasonic power of 300 W. The polyphenol content extracted from morels under these process conditions was 22.39 mg/g. According to the analysis of response surface experimental data, the model was significant (P<0.000 1), the lack of fit was not significant (P>0.05), and the fitting degree was high (96.2%). The order of the three major factors affecting extraction rate was as follows: ultrasonic temperature > material-to-liquid ratio > ultrasonic power. The polyphenol contents in Morchella esculenta obtained through various extraction conditions were analyzed via HPLC. Ten phenolic compounds were detected. The content curves of these ten phenolic compounds extracted under various single-factor conditions were basically consistent with the data determined via Folin-Ciocalteu colorimetry.
