Ameliorating Effects of Grifola frondosa Polysaccharides on Symptoms of Polycystic Ovary Syndrome in Rats
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Abstract:
The effects of Grifola frondosa polysaccharides (GFPS) on symptoms of letrozole-induced polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) in female rats were investigated. The PCOS model was established using letrozole (1 mg/kg), while the estrous cycle of rats was detected by the Papanicolaou staining assay. Morphological changes in the rat ovaries were observed with HE staining, while the serum levels of follicle stimulating hormone (FSH), luteinizing hormone (LH), estradiol (E2), testosterone (T), triglyceride (TG), total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), malondialdehyde (MDA), and superoxide dismutase (SOD) were measured byenzyme-linked immunosorbent assays. The mRNA expression of Sod1, Sod2, Cat, and Gpx3 in the ovarian tissue was detected by qRT-PCR. GFPS reduced the number of cystic follicles and increased the number of corpus luteum and granulosa cells. GFPS significantly improved serum sex hormone levels in these rats to T: 68.02 nmol/L, LH: 83.22 ng/L, FSH: 89.31 IU/L, and E2: 90.19 ng/L; lipid levels to TG: 0.98 mmol/L, TC: 0.36 mmol/L, and LDL-C: 0.18 mmol/L; and oxidative stress levels to MDA: 1.42 nmol/mL and SOD: 1.49 U/mL. In addition, GFPS increased the expression levels of antioxidant genetic enzymes Sod1 (3.86-fold), Sod2 (3.16-fold), Cat (1.57-fold), and Gpx3 (2.75-fold) in the ovaries of PCOS rats. The results show that the natural polysaccharide GFPS, canimprove follicular development by regulating sexhormone levels, lipid levels, and oxidative stress levels, with potential therapeutic effects on PCOS.
