Analysis and Evaluation of the Nutritional Composition of Fish Muscle from Six Wild Fish Species
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Abstract:
The conventional nutritional composition, minerals, fatty acids, and amino acids in the muscles of Cyprinus carpio, Carassius auratus, Ctenopharyngodon idella, Mylopharyngodon piceus, Erythroculter ilishaeformis, and Parabramis pekinensis from the Miyun Reservoir were analyzed using biochemical methods to explore the nutritional composition of wild fish grown in the same area. The results showed that M. piceus had the highest crude protein content (21.25%), whereas Carassius auratus had the lowest content (17.70%). Erythroculter ilishaeformis had the highest crude fat content (5.73%), whereas Parabramis pekinensis had the lowest content (1.18%). The six species of fish were rich in mineral elements, including K, Na, Ca, Mg, P, Fe, Mn, Zn, and Se, thereby constituting high-potassium and low-sodium dietary sources. Essential amino acids for the human body accounted for more than 40% of the total amino acids in the fish, with umami amino acids accounting for 37.53%~39.21% and the glutamic acid content being the highest. There were 22, 17, 20, 22, 24, and 19 types of fatty acids detected in the muscles of Cyprinus carpio, Carassius auratus, Ctenopharyngodon idella, M. piceus, E. ilishaeformis, and P. pekinensis, respectively. The six fish species had different relative contents of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, and polyunsaturated fatty acids. The findings indicated that all six species demonstrated optimal protein content, adequate amino acid composition, a rich abundance of beneficial minerals and fatty acids, and high nutritional value.
