Element Composition Analysis and Heavy Metal Safety Evaluation of Different Varieties of Ganoderma lucidum Fruit Bodies and Their Spore Powders
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Abstract:
The contents of elements and heavy metals in the fruit body, spore powder and cell wall -broken spore powder of different Ganoderma lucidum (G. lucidum) varieties cultivated mainly in the west of Shandong province of China were determined by inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS). Element composition analysis and safety evaluation of heavy metals were conducted. The results of elemental composition analysis showed that the contents of most elements in the fruit bodies of G. lucidum of Zangzhi and Xiangxueshi were significantly higher than those of Chizhi, Meizhi and Xindapian samples, especially the 9 essential microelements for the human body such as Fe, Cu, Zn, Mn, Se, B, V, Co and Sr. The content of Fe, Zn and Se in the fruit body of G. lucidum reached 234 mg/kg, 57.9 mg/kg and 0.309 mg/kg, respectively. The content of Sr in Xiangxueshi G. lucidum was the highest, reaching 3.60 mg/kg. The element nutritional qualities of Chizhi powder and ganodermabasswood powder were higher than those of Meizhi powder and Xindapian powder. The selenium contents of Chizhi spore powder and Ganoderma basswood powder were 3 times and 2 times, respectively, that of Meizhi powder. Heavy metal safety analysis results show that the Pb and Hg contents of the 5 kinds of G. lucidum and 4 kinds of spore powder were far lower than those of the related standards, thus, the safety was higher. The As element contents of Zangzhi, Xiangquezhi and Xindapian spore powders were high, indicating certain safety risk. The contents of As, Pb, Cd, Cr, Cu and Ni metal elements in the spore powders increased in the process of sporoderm breaking, thus, the sporoderm breaking process may bring in certain safety risk to Ganoderma lucidum spore powder.
