Extraction, Structure, and Antioxidant Activity Analysis of Polysaccharides from Sibiraea angustata
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Abstract:
Crude polysaccharides from Sibiraea angustata as the raw material were extracted using the polyethylene glycol–ultrasonic enzymatic method, and the extraction process parameters were optimized using response surface methodology. Furthermore, high-performance gel-permeation chromatography (HPGPC), high-performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), Fourier-transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to characterize the structure of S. angustata polysaccharides (SAPs) and investigate their antioxidant activity. The optimal process parameters for SAP extraction assisted by the polyethylene glycol–ultrasonic enzymatic method were as follows: 30% PEG-400 concentration, 2% enzyme addition, pH 4.0, 80% ultrasonic power, 2 h ultrasonic treatment duration, and 80 °C ultrasonic treatment temperature. Under these conditions, the extraction rate of polysaccharides was 10.95%. HPLC showed that the SAPs were mainly composed of galactose (13.34%), glucose (46.76%), rhamnose (8.78%), fructose (2.89%), and arabinose (11.79%). FT-IR and SEM revealed that SAPs are pyrenoid amorphous polysaccharide structures with β-glycosidic bonds. In addition, analysis of the in vitro antioxidant activity of SAPs showed that the free radical scavenging ability increased with polysaccharide content in a dose-dependent manner. The IC50 values for DPPH, OH, and O2- free radicals were 0.42, 2.08, and 0.28 mg/mL, respectively. The optimized extraction process is stable and feasible, providing a theoretical and technical basis for the extraction of SAPs from S. angustata and the comprehensive development and utilization of these products.
