Effects of A Powdered Toddler Formula on Calcium Transport in Caco-2 Cells and Osteoblast Proliferation and Mineralization
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Abstract:
A commercial available children's growth formula was compared with regular commercially available pure dairy milk (control milk A) in terms of their abilities to promote bone growth. Additionally, its effect on calcium transport was evaluated using a human colon adenocarcinoma cell (Caco-2) monolayer model, and its effects on osteoblast proliferation and mineralization was examined with MC3T3-E1 cells. With regard to the promotion of calcium transport, the Caco-2 cell monolayer model showed that commercially available children's growth formula outperformed control milk A at the various doses tested, but its effect did not differ significantly from that of the blank group (p<0.05). The osteoblast proliferation assay showed that 5~50 μg/mL of commercially available children's growth formula could promote the proliferation of osteoblasts, with a proliferation rate of more than 30%. Moreover, in osteoblasts treated with 50 μg/mL of commercially available children's growth formula, the alkaline phosphatase activity was 7.79 U/g of protein, which was significantly higher than that in the blank group (p<0.01). Commercially available children's growth formula also exhibited a more stable effect than control milk A in enhancing the alkaline phosphatase activity. The osteoblast mineralization assay revealed that 5~50 μg/mL of commercially available children's growth formula could significantly promote the formation of mineralized nodules in the cells. In the osteoblasts treated with 50 μg/mL of commercially available children's growth formula, the Alizarin Red absorbance value (0.180) was 50% higher than that of the blank group, and the degree of mineralization was more stable than that in the osteoblasts treated with control milk A. Collectively, our experimental results demonstrate that although commercially available children's growth formula has no significant effect in promoting calcium transport and uptake in the small intestinal epithelium, it may participate in the growth and development of children by promoting bone growth.
