Isolation, Screening, and Probiotic Function Evaluation of Lactic Acid Bacteria with Cholesterol-lowering Effects from the Intestinal Tract of Seabass
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Abstract:
This study focused on the screening and isolation of lactic acid bacteria with high-efficiency cholesterol-lowering effects from the intestines of healthy seabass. The assessments of in vitro probiotic effects were carried out through strain identification, together with the evaluation of acid resistance, bile salt tolerance, hydrophobicity, self-cohesion, and the antibacterial properties of their metabolites. Bile salt hydrolase (BSH) assays and in vitro cholesterol reduction tests were performed, which led to the isolation of a high-efficiency cholesterol-lowering strain ZG2YLu05. This strain exhibited crude BSH activity with a value of 0.82 µmol/(h•mL), and a cholesterol removal rate of 50.09%. The acid-resistance survival rate of the strain was 83.33% when cultured at pH 3.0 for 8 h, while the bile salt-tolerance survival rate was 89.31% when cultured in 0.3% bile salt concentration for 8 h. The hydrophobicity of the strain in dimethylbenzene was 46.82% and its self-cohesion was 92.93% when left to stand for 24 h, which indicates that the strain has potentially good adhesion properties. The metabolites of the strain also showed significant inhibition of Escherichia coli, Staphylococcus aureus, and Salmonella. The strain was identified as Lactiplantibacillus pentosus through morphological observations and 16S rDNA sequencing. Therefore, this strain can be used as a potential cholesterol-lowering lactic acid bacteria for the development of complementary lipid-lowering probiotic preparations.
