Physicochemical Properties and Prebiotic Activity of Sargassum fusiforme Polysaccharides Obtained by Different Extraction Methods
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Abstract:
In the present study, Sargassum fusiforme was used as the raw materials, and the physicochemical properties and probiotic activity of its polysaccharides extracted by hot water extraction, ultrasonic-assisted water extraction, pulsed electric field-assisted water extraction and cellulase-assisted water extraction were examined. Firstly, the yield, molecular weight, monosaccharide composition and rheological properties of the four polysaccharides were determined. Then, the four polysaccharides were added to the fermentation medium of Lactobacillus to replace glucose as the carbon source for in vitro fermentation to evaluate its ability to promote the proliferation activity of Lactobacillus. The results showed that the yield of the polysaccharide obtained by the cellulase-assisted water extraction (E-SFP) was the highest (14.02%), followed by ultrasonic-assisted water extraction (U-SFP; 12.57%), pulse-assisted water extraction (P-SFP; 10.38%) and hot-water extraction (SFP; 7.07%). The four polysaccharides had an average molecular weight ranging from 200 to 245 ku, and consisted mainly of fucose, glucose, galactose, mannose and xylose, with the content of glucose in E-SFP (19.57%) higher than those of the other three polysaccharides. The solutions of the four polysaccharides were typical non-Newtonian fluids, and their apparent viscosities were positively correlated with their molecular weights. Compared with the blank group, four polysaccharides were found to promote the proliferation of Lactobacillus, among which E-SFP had a significantly greater proliferation-promoting effect than the other three polysaccharides (p<0.05) (fermentation for 48 h, OD600 value up to 0.50). Comprehensive comparisons revealed that the polysaccharides obtained by the cellulase-assisted water extraction method had the highest yield and strongest proliferation activity on Lactobacillus. The results of this study can provide reference for the preparation of polysaccharides from Sargassum fusiforme and studies on their prebiotic properties.
