Determination of Multi-elements and Stable Isotope Ratios in Milk and Discrimination Their Geographical Origin
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Abstract:
In this paper, the inductively coupled plasma mass spectrometry (ICP-MS) was used for the determination of Li, Na and other 38 elements, the elemental analysis-isotope ratio mass spectrometry (EA-IRMS) and GasBench-IRMS were used for the determination of the stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen and oxygen in milk, and for the feasibility assessment of milk geographical origin in different country. The milk sample was freeze-dried into a powder, and then determined by EA-IRMS or ICP-MS to obtain stable isotope ratios of nitrogen (δ15N) and mineral elements. The milk sample was detected by EA-IRMS or GasBench-IRMS to obtain stable isotope ratios of carbon, hydrogen and oxygen (δ13C, δ2H and δ18O). The milk samples were collected from Germany, Spain, Italy, Australia, New Zealand, China and Austria, and then the stable isotope ratios of carbon, nitrogen, hydrogen, oxygen and multi-elements were detected. The values of δ13C, δ15N, δ2H, δ18O and multi-elements were distinguished by multivariate statistical analysis (including ANOVA, Duncan’s multiple comparison,correlation analysis, principal component analysis, cluster analysis and discriminant analysis) using the SPSS software package for windows. The results showed that the As、Se、Rb、Sr、Mo、Cd、Cs、Ba、Tl、Bi、δ13C、δ15N、δ2H and δ18O were significantly different (p< 0.05)，different clusters were observed in Germany and Italy, China, Austria Australia and New Zealand, and the accuracy of discrimination for milk geographical origin was 92.4% by the combined indicators of As, Se, Rb, Sr, Mo, Cs, Ba, Tl, δ13C, δ15N and δ2H.
