Progress in Toxicity and Risk Assessment of Three Common Heavy Metal Pollutants in Aquatic Products
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Abstract:
China is a major producer and consumer of aquatic products, and heavy metal pollution is one of the main safety problems for aquatic products. The industrial wastewater containing heavy metals is discharged into the water bodies through the river and deposited in the sediments at the bottom of the water, causing the pollution of the aquaculture environment. Through the food chain, the heavy metals are enriched in the organisms, causing health problems to aquatic organisms and humans who eat contaminated aquatic products. This paper reviews the research status of heavy metal pollution in the water bodies and sediments in recent years, summarizes the toxicity of three seriously polluted heavy metals, Cd, As and Pb, and finally summarizes the main methods and research status of risk assessment of aquatic products. Through the analysis of the references cited in this paper and comparison of the heavy metal pollution in the water bodies, the extent of pollution in the sediments was found larger (most of which exhibited moderate ecological risk, indicating a great impact on the heavy metal pollution of aquatic products). Heavy metals have very strong toxic effects on the human body and aquatic products. According to the results of many risk assessment studies, heavy metals in aquatic products exceeding the standard level were commonly found, with most of the single factor pollution index and risk quotient index smaller than 1. These indicate that there is no potential health risk but highly complex pollution.
