Green Extraction Technology of Chitin from Shrimp Shells and Crab Shells: a Review
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Abstract:
Chitin extraction requires the removal of proteins, minerals, lipids and pigments. Traditional methods have the disadvantages of high cost, environmental degradation. The method of extracting chitin by biological methods such as microbial fermentation, enzymatic or genetic engineering needs to be developed. The progresses of green extraction techniques such as chemical methods and biological methods using shrimp and crab shells as raw materials were reviewed in this paper. The advantages and disadvantages of biological methods such as microbial fermentation, enzymatic method and genetic engineering were analyzed, and the extraction of chitin from microbial fermentation was discussed. Microbial biotransformation and enzyme treatment utilize organic acids and proteases produced by fermentation, which are economical and efficient and easy to achieve large-scale production. It was proposed that the extraction of chitin by microbial fermentation has industrial potential. Finally, the progress of genetic manipulation and metabolic engineering in recent years was also expected. Therefore, the production of chitin by biological green extraction technology is environmentally friendly and efficient, and has important development prospects.
