Eukaryotic Community Structure of Strong Flavor Baijiu Mud
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Abstract:
Illumina high-throughput sequencing was used in this study to analyze the eukaryotic community structure of bottom-pit-mud (BPM) and wall-pit-mud (WPM) of the young or old mud pits of Chinse strong-flavor Baijiu (CSFB). Only 1 of the 6 old BPM samples was successfully amplified and sequenced, indicating that the content of fungus was very low. At the phylum level, Ascomycota showed absolute predominance in pit mud (98.80%~63.14%), and the fungal composition of BPM in the new and old pits were very similar. At the genus level, Candida showed absolute predominance in young BPM (82.79%) and in old BPM (97.24%), with the WPM of the old and young pits having similar fungal composition and high fungal richness, with Candida (11.99% vs. 3.72%), Pichia (3.69% vs. 5.09%), Aspergillus (4.87% vs. 4.41%) as the dominant genera. The BPM of the old pits had the highest pH (5.69), ammonium nitrogen content (2.54 g/Kg), acetic acid content (689.97 mg/Kg) and K+ content (1252.19 mg/Kg), while the total ester content (7.12 mg/g) was the highest in young BPM. Cluster analysis showed that the cluster effect of the fungal communities in BPM was greater. Redundancy analysis indicated that Ca2+ content had a strong and positive correlation with BPMs (45.9% explanation, significant contribution at p<0.01), indicating the important role of Ca2+ content in eukaryotic community composition of BPM.
