The Development of Formulations for Enhancing the Stability of Lycopene
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Abstract:
Lycopene has many physiological functions such as immunity enhancement, cancer prevention, and delay in chronic disease onset. As a natural carotenoid, lycopene has an isoprene structure with 11 conjugated and 2 non-conjugated double bonds. This multi-conjugated double bond structure makes lycopene offer strong antioxidant activity, but exhibit high susceptibility to light-/oxygen-/heat-initiated oxidative degradation and poor stability (which limits its development). Formulation can effectively improve the stability of lycopene, which is beneficial to its preservation, transportation and industrial application. At present, the formulations that enhance lycopene stability mainly comprises inclusion complex and microcapsule preparations produced by using various types of dextrin, protein and starch as carriers, as well as microemulsion and liposome preparations produced by using small molecule lipids or phospholipids as carriers. This paper summarizes the research progress in the preparation methods and characteristics of lycopene-containing formulations, in order to provide a theoretical basis for the development and utilization of lycopene formulations with high stability.