Fatty Content and Fatty Acid Composition of Changlin Varieties of Camellia oleifera in Guangshan
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Abstract:
Four representative cultivars were selected from a series of Changlin clones of Camellia oleifera that were officially recognized by Henan Tree Variety Examination Committee and suitable to be widely cultivated in local region, including 3 mainly-planted varieties Changlin 18, Changlin 40, Changlin 53, and 1 supportively-planted variety Changlin 166. The fatty acid of C. oleifera variety seed was studied by GC-MS. The kernel percent and fat content of C. oleifera variety seed were also analyzed. And fat content and fatty acid of C. oleifera variety seed were analyzed with the relevant analysis. The results indicated that the kernel percentages of C. oleifera variety seed between mainly-planted varieties and supportively-planted variety reached significant level (p<0.05), but the fat content did not; a total of 17 fatty acids were detected from four C. oleifera varieties seeds, and three major constituents were cis-oleic acid ranged from 26.25% to 30.82%, palmitic acid ranged from 2.86% to 3.22%, and linoleic acid ranged from 3.25% to 3.86%. The content ratio of saturated fatty acids, monounsaturated fatty acids, polyunsaturated fatty acids of tea seeds of Changlin 40 seed was 1:6.08:1.05, and closest to be best energy supply ratio of 1:6:1 that was recommended by international nutritionists. By the relevant analysis, an distinct positive correlation was observed between fat content and palmitic acid, and the correlation coefficient was 0.647. Combined with previous research conclusions, it could be seen that Changlin 40 not only owns high-yielding and high resistance, but also possesses higher kernel percent, higher oil content, and more reasonable fatty acid composition in tea seeds, and its comprehensive characters seems to be superior to other three varieties.
