Preventive Effects of Purple Brassica Vegetables Ethanolic Extracts in DSS Induced Mice Colitis
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Abstract:
The purpose of this study was to investigate the preventive effect of the ethanolic extracts from purple Brassica vegetables including Brassica campestris (BCEE), red cabbage (RCEE), Brassica rapa (BREE)and Brassica oleracea (BOEE)on dextran sulfate sodium (DSS, 2%)-induced ulcerative colitis in C57BL/6J mice. Body weight, colon length, ratio of colon length/weight, disease activity index (DAI) and histological changes were observed. Colonic myeloperoxidase (MPO), super oxygen dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), glutathione (GSH), and malondialdeyde (MDA) levels were also measured using commercial kits. Colonic levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-6 and IL-18 were measured with an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA).The colonic mRNA expressions of TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6, IL-18, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), and cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), NLRP3, ASC and caspase-1 were quantified by a quantitative real time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) assay. Four kinds of purple Brassica vegetable extracts significantly suppressed DSS-induced body weight loss, increased the colon length (to 8.67 cm in BCEE group, 8.23 cm in BREE group, 7.66 cm in RCEE group and 7.40 cm in BOEE group), decreased colon length/weight ratio, and reduced the inflammatory reaction in colon of colitis mice. Purple Brassica vegetable extracts also reduced the levels of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α、IL-1β、IL-6 and IL-18), MPO and MDA in the colon of colitis mice. In addition, Purple Brassica vegetable extracts also decreased the mRNA expressions of inflammatory cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1β, IL-6 and IL-18), NLRP3, ASC,caspase-1, iNOS and COX-2.In summary, the four kinds of purple Brassica vegetable extracts were able to attenuate the DSS induced colitis in mice. The order of relieving DSS-induced colitis activity was BCEE>BREE>RCEE>BOEE.
