Study of the Extraction Process of Phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis
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Abstract:
In order to investigate the best extraction technology of phycocyanin from Spirulina platensis (A. platensisi), the Spirulina platensis dry powder was used as raw material to evaluate the effects of high-speed homogenization on on extraction yield of phycocyanin. The extraction conditions were optimized by means of single factor test and orthogonal designed experiments. Results showed that the extraction yield of phycocyanin was 157.75 mg/g when pH 7.0 PBS buffer as solvent was chose. The optimized condition was as follows: The solid-liquid ratio of 1:20, the extraction temperature of 30 ℃, the extraction time of 40 min and the extraction times of 3. At this condition, the extraction yield of phycocyanin was 213.32 mg/g. By comparing the effects of ethanol, acid and salt precipitation on the recovery of phycocyanin, the results showed that the recovery rate of phycocyanin was 97.10% and the purity of phycocyanin was the highest when 50% ammonium sulfate precipitation method was used. Phycocyanin was extracted by high-speed homogenization and recovered by 30% and 50% two-step salt precipitation. Under these conditions, 239.70 mg/g of phycocyanin with the purity over 0.7 could be obtained from each 1 g Spirulina powder. The UV spectra results showed that the extracted phycocyanin met with the spectral characteristics of the standard phycocyanin product.
