Comparative Analysis of Antioxidant Activity and Anti-proliferative Activity against Hep G2 Cells of Three Blueberry Varieties
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Abstract:
Three common commercially available blueberries (Vaccinium uliginosum L., Vaccinium ashei Reade and Vaccinium corymbosum L.) were studied for their total contents of polyphenols, flavonoids and anthocyanins, as well as the antioxidant activity and anti-proliferative activity against Hep G2 cells. The correlation between the content of active components and the activities was also examined. The results showed that the contents of total polyphenols, total flavonoids and total anthocyanins and abilities to scavenge the DPPH and ABTS free radicals of the Vaccinium uliginosum L. (a wild blueberry from the Northeast China) were significantly (p<0.05) higher than those in Vaccinium ashei Reade (a blueberry from Guizhou China) and Vaccinium corymbosum L. (a blueberry from Chile). The results of cellular antioxidant experiments indicated that the wild blueberry from the Northeast China exhibited significantly (p<0.05) higher Cellular Antioxidant Activity (CAA) values [65.40±3.04 μmol QE/100 g fresh fruit for Phosphate Buffered Saline (PBS) cleaning; 202.40±6.33 μmol QE/100 g fresh fruit for non-PBS cleaning] than the blueberries from Guizhou and the Chilean blueberry. The three types of blueberries all exhibited strong inhibitory effects on Hep G2 cell proliferation, with the half maximal effective concentration (EC50 value) of the wild blueberry from the Northeast China (150.41±7.82 mg/mL) was significantly (p<0.05) lower than those of the Guizhou blueberry (212.87±13.10 mg/mL) and Chilean blueberry (223.53±12.53 mg/mL). The CAA values of the blueberries were significantly correlated with the total contents of polyphenols and flavonoids, while there was also a significant (p<0.05) correlation between the EC50 values of anti-Hep G2 cell proliferation and the total polyphenols, and between the total flavonoid content and the total anthocyanin content. The above results indicate that the wild blueberry from the Northeast China has great advantages in development and utilization.
