Composition and Antioxidant Activity of Flavonoids from Kacip Fatimah
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Abstract:
In this study, the flavonoids in stems and leaves of Kacip Fatimah were extracted using ethanol. The contents of flavonoids and isoflavones were analyzed by high performance liquid chromatography (HPLC), and their antioxidant capacities including the 2,2-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl ( DPPH ) and 2,2′-azino-bis (3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) radical scavenging abilities as well as ferric reducing antioxidant power (FRAP) were also determined. The obtained results showed that the total flavonoid content in the stems and leaves of Kacip Fatimah was 27.52±4.21 and 35.43±14.16 mg rutin/g fresh weight (FW), respectively. The leaves contained catechins (9.18±1.182 mg/g FW), glycitin (2.55±0.031 mg/g FW), and rutin (2.92±0.022 mg/g FW), naringin (2.50±0.017 mg/g FW), and myricetin (10.16±2.347 mg/g FW). The stems contained genistin (2.44±0.012 mg/g FW), naringin (2.45±0.027 mg/g FW), and myricetin (10.16±2.443 mg/g FW). The flavonoids from the stems and leaves exhibited significant antioxidant capacities in different antioxidant assays: the flavonoids in the leaves had relatively greater DPPH and ABTS radical scavenging abilities (IC50: 0.99, 2.26 μg rutin/mL, respectively), compared to those in the stems (IC50: 1.91, 3.60 μg rutin/mL, respectively). In summary, the contents of myricetin and catechins in the leaves of Kacip Fatimah were relatively high, with the content of myricetin in the stem also being high. The flavonoids in the stems and leaves all exhibited high free radical scavenging abilities.
