Optimization of Supercritical CO2 Extraction of Essential Oil from Sarcodon Aspratus by Response Surface Methodology and Analysis of Its Volatile Compounds
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Abstract:
Using Sarcodon aspratus as the raw material, supercritical carbon dioxide (SC-CO2) extraction method was employed to extract the essential oil in Sarcodon aspratus. Based on the single factor experiment, the CO2 flow rate was set at 25 kg/h, the particle sizes-mash was 40 meshes and material mass was 800 g. The mathematical model was established by the response surface methodology (RSM) to determine the optimal process conditions. The extraction pressure, temperature and time were used as the Box-Behnken design variables. The response rate of the extract of Sarcodon aspratus oil was the response value. The results showed that the extraction yield of Sarcodon aspratus oil was 4.18 ± 0.46% when the extraction pressure was 33 MPa, extraction temperature was 55℃ and extraction time was 145 min, which was close to the theoretical value (4.23%). Moreover, gas chromatography coupled to mass spectrometry (GC-MS) analysis was carried out to analyze the volatile components of the essential oil of Sarcodon aspratus. The qualitative analysis was confirmed by manual analysis and the National Institute of Standards and Technology (NIST) library. A total of 77 kinds of volatile compounds and the peak were detected. The area normalized method was used to calculate the relative percentage of each compound. The compound content accounted for 68.868% of the total area, of which the main components were acids (28.09%), aldehydes (18.77%), oxygen heterocyclic ring (5.13%), hydrocarbons (4.90%), phenols (4.37%), alcohol (4.02%), ketones (3.61%), etc. 2-methyl-hexanoic acid (19.46 ± 0.81%) and benzaldehyde (6.86 ± 0.17%) were comparatively rich in the essential oil of Sarcodon aspratus.
