Effects of n-Hexane Extract of Green Garlic on H22 Tumor-bearing Mice
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Abstract:
To study the antitumor effects of the hexane extract derived from 75% ethanol green garlic extract (hereafter referred to as green garlic n-hexane extracts: GGHE) and its effect on immune function in H22 tumor-bearing mice, H22 transplanted mouse models were established. Sixty mice were divided into six groups: blank control group, model group, positive control (cyclophosphamide (CTX): 20 mg/kg), and low-, medium-, and high-dose GGHE (L-GGHE: 75 mg/kg, M-GGHE: 150 mg/kg, and H-GGHE: 300 mg/kg) groups. The drugs were continuously administered for 14 days. Mouse body weight; food/water intake; the activities of superoxide dismutase (SOD), glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px), catalase (CAT), alanine transaminase (ALT), and aspartate aminotransferase (AST); and the content of malondialdehyde (MDA) in liver tissue were determined. Moreover, the levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α, interleukin (IL)-2, and vascular endothelial growth factor (VEGF) in serum were detected. The food and water efficiency, tumor volume, tumor inhibition rate, and spleen and thymus indices were calculated. The pathological characteristics of tumor tissues were also analyzed. The results showed that the tumor growth inhibition rate of M-GGHE was 71.48%. Compared with the model group, the treatment with GGHE significantly increased the food and water efficiency rate, spleen and thymus indices, increased the levels of IL-2 and TNF-α; reduced the level of VEGF; increased the activities of SOD, GSH-Px, and CAT, and decreased the MDA content as well as the activities of ALT and AST. In conclusion, GGHE exhibited antitumor effects on H22 tumor-bearing mice, improved their quality of life, and improved the antioxidant level and immune function. The results suggest that GGHE could be used as a candidate drug for treating hepatocellular carcinoma.
