Effects of Selenium Enrichment on Protein Distribution in Tenebrio molitor and Antioxidative Activity of Enzymatically Hydrolyzed Tenebrio molitor Peptides
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Abstract:
The effects of selenium-enrichment on Tenebrio molitor (mealworm) protein and its selenium concentration were evaluated. Based on solubility, water-, salt-, ethanol-, and alkali-soluble proteins from T. molitor were extracted, and the selenium concentration was measured using an atomic fluorescence spectrometer. Selenium-enriched mealworm protein was hydrolyzed by enzymes to obtain Se-containing T. molitor peptide (Se-TMP), and the cellular antioxidant activities of Se-TMP and TMP were determined and compared using erythrocyte hemolysis as a model. The results showed that the dry weight ratio of mealworm proteins after Se-enrichment increased from 53.86% to 59.12% and electrophoretic bands at 75 and 37 ku were darker in Se-enriched proteins. The total selenium concentration in Se-enriched T. molitor was 573.32 μg/kg and organic selenium concentration was 524.91 μg/kg (91.56%). In soluble protein, selenium was mainly present in alkali-soluble protein, accounting for 26.62% of the total selenium. Furthermore, 46.63% of total selenium was found in the insoluble component. At a sample concentration of 3 mg/mL, the inhibition rate of Se-TMP on erythrocyte hemolysis was 87.32%. The inhibition rates of Se-TMP were all higher than those of TPM at various sample concentrations.
