Synergistic Protective Effects of Casein Hydrolysate and Vitamins A, C, or E against Ethanol-induced Damage in Hepatocyte HHL-5 Cells
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Abstract:
Casein hydrolysate (CH) can be used to treat and repair hepatocytes damaged by ethanol-induced oxidative stress. The aim of this study was to evaluate the synergistic effects of vitamin A, vitamin C, or vitamin E with CH to protect the liver cells from oxidative damage in vitro. Previous studies have shown that CH has no obvious toxicity to liver cells (HHL-5), and can even promote proliferation. The results showed that 300 mmol/L ethanol induced obviously oxidative damage to HHL-5 cells, and CH significantly enhanced the viability of these cells. Combining vitamin A (0.0344 mg/mL), vitamin C (0.0881 mg/mL), or vitamin E (0.1077 mg/mL) with CH significantly enhanced the viability of liver cells damaged by ethanol-induced oxidation. The concentration of CH for the optimum synergistic effect was selected using a cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay and determination of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH) content in the culture medium. This concentration was verified through the determination of intracellular content of malondialdehyde (MDA) and reactive oxygen species (ROS). CH at 2 mg/mL alone exhibited a certain restorative effect on cells damaged by ethanol-induced oxidation, and the synergistic protective effects of combining CH at this concentration with vitamin A, vitamin C, or vitamin E were significantly higher (p <0.05).
