Ameliorative Effect of Longan Pulp Extracts on the Learning and Memory Deficits in SAMP8 Mice
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Abstract:
The effect and mechanism of the petroleum ether fraction (LP) and aqueous fraction (LW) of ethanol extract of longan pulp on improving the learning and memory of SAMP8 mice were investigated. SAMP8 mice were used as a mouse model of Alzheimer's disease, and the Morris water maze test was used to evaluate their learning and memory. Nitric oxide (NO), malondialdehyde (MDA), and reduced glutathione (GSH) levels, superoxide dismutase (SOD) and glutathione peroxidase (GSH-Px) activities in the serum, and the protein expression levels of amyloid-beta (Aβ1-42), amyloid precursor protein (APP), and beta-site APP cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) in the brains of mice were measured. The results showed that, compared to the model group, LP and LW could significantly ameliorate the learning and memory deficits in Alzheimer’s model mice, decrease the serum NO and MDA content and the protein expression levels of Aβ1-42, APP, and BACE1 in the brain to various degrees, and enhance the activities of SOD and GSH-Px in the serum. These results indicate that both LP and LW of ethanol extract of longan pulp could ameliorate the learning and memory deficits in SAMP8 mice, through a combination of improved antioxidant activity and inhibition of the expression of Aβ and its relevant proteins in the brain, exhibiting the potential to prevent Alzheimer's disease.
