Chemical Properties of Ethanol Extracts of Northeast-China Black Bee Propolis
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Abstract:
In order to study the physicochemical properties of ethanol extracts from Northeast-China black bee propolis (EENBP), the chemical compositions and characteristic spectra of the extracts were studied by means of scanning electron microscopy, ultraviolet (UV) spectroscopy, infrared (IR) spectroscopy, gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), and liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS). Scanning electron microscopy analysis showed that the EENBP obtained by ultrasonic assisted extraction (EENBPUA) had a more uniform distribution compared with that of EENBP. Analysis of UV and IR spectra showed that EENBPUA contained flavonoids, terpenes, esters, phenolic acids, and alcohols, among other components. GC-MS results showed that the main volatiles in EENBPUA were terpene compounds, including germacrene, cadinene, guaiol, and selinene. Seven compounds, including benzaldehyde, caffeic acid, p-coumaric acid, ferulic acid, chrysin, isorhamnetin, and kaempferol were identified by LC/MS from the EENBPUA. These findings suggest that the active components of EENBPUA are abundant and EENBP can be used for further development of healthy food and drugs with corresponding functions.
