Hypoglycemic Effect of Ethanol Extracts of Non-indigenous Black Buckwheat Stems and Leaves in Mice and Changes to Functional Components
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Abstract:
Black buckwheat native to Ganluo was grown in native and non-native areas in this study, and the stems and leaves were collected before flowering. The contents of total flavones and dietary fiber in the stems and leaves were determined, the functional components and hypoglycemic effects of 60% ethanol extracts of black buckwheat stems and leaves (SLEE) were compared, and the feasibility of replacing the native black buckwheat with non-native plants was explored. A mouse model of diabetes was established by intraperitoneal injection of alloxan (180 mg/kg), and the extracts from two sources (1000 mg crude drug/kg and 500 mg crude drug/kg) were given to the mice by gavage. The positive control group was given the Chinese patented medicine tangniaole (300 mg/kg) for 12 d by gavage. Fasting blood glucose levels were measured before and after treatment, and body weight was measured once every 4 d. The results showed that both SLEE extracts could significantly reduce body weight loss in the hyperglycemic mice, exhibit a strong hyperglycemic effect, and improve glucose tolerance. Comparing black buckwheat stems and leaves from the two sources, significant differences were found in the contents of dietary fiber, total flavone, and rutin content; the contents of D-chiral inositol and quercetin did not show significant differences. For the two SLEEs, the contents of total flavone, D-chiral inositol, rutin, and quercetin showed no significant differences. The animal tests indicated that both SLEEs had a hypoglycemic effect, so the non-native black buckwheat stems and leaves could replace those grown in the native region for the development of functional products with hypoglycemic properties.
