Effects of Ultrafine Grinding on the Extraction Rate and Antioxidant Properties of the Active Ingredients of Lotus Plumule
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Abstract:
To evaluate the effect of ultrafine grinding on the particle size, microstructure, extraction rates of total phenolics and flavonoids, and antioxidant capacity of lotus plumule, the total phenolic and flavonoid contents were measured using NaNO2-Al (NO3)3 and Folin-phenol reagent methods, respectively. Antioxidant activity was evaluated by 2,2′-diphenyl-1-picrylhydrazyl (DPPH) free radical-scavenging activity, reducing power assay, 2,2′-azino-bis(3-ethylbenzothiazoline-6-sulfonic acid) (ABTS) scavenging activity, oxygen radical absorbance capacity (ORAC), and cellular antioxidant activity (CAA) assay. The results showed that for the samples treated by ultrafine grinding, the median particle size reduced, the cell wall-breaking rate increased, and the extraction rates of total flavonoids and phenolics increased by 21.82% and 24.09%, respectively. In terms of antioxidant capacity, ultrafine grinding treatment significantly enhanced DPPH free radical-scavenging activity, reducing power, ABTS scavenging activity, ORAC, and CAA. In conclusion, ultrafine grinding could improve the physicochemical properties of lotus plumule powder and increase the dissolution rates of the active ingredients (total phenolics and total flavonoids) in lotus plumule. Meanwhile, ultrafine grinding significantly increased antioxidant capacity and could serve as a pretreatment method in the development of functional food products with lotus plumule as the raw material.
