Effect of Different Pretreatments on Ethyl Carbamate Extraction from Liquor Using Gas Chromatography-mass Spectrometry
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Abstract:
The efficiency of solid phase extraction (SPE), solid phase microextraction (SPME), liquid/liquid extraction (LLE) were compared with regard to extraction of ethyl carbamate (EC) from liquor and the accuracy and precision of each method were validated. The ethyl carbamate content in liquor was estimated by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS). The results showed that for the three kinds of liquor with different flavors analyzed in this study, SPE-GC/MS exhibited the highest precision (1.77% to 2.96%), the highest accuracy (recovery=89.73% to 103.51%), and the lowest limit of detection (1.12 μg/L). SPME-GC/MS showed higher efficiency in determination of ethyl carbamate content in fen-flavor liquor compared with LLE-GC/MS, which on the other hand, showed higher efficiency in determination of ethyl carbamate content in luzhou-flavor liquor and maotai--flavor liquor compared with SPME-GC/MS. Based on these findings, the LLE-GC/MS method showed high precision, high accuracy, and low cost. LLE-GC/MS is also a simple and rapid test, is environmentally friendly (small amount of organic solvent required), meets the requirements for general quantitative analysis, and staff can be trained easily. SPE-GC/MS on the other hand, shows high recovery and reproducibility, but the method is complicated, not environmentally friendly (a large amount of organic solvent required), and expensive. Therefore, LLE-GC/MS was found suitable for routine, precise determination of ethyl carbamate in Chinese liquor.
