Biosynthesis and Characterization of Novel Surfactants Prepared using Vegetable Oils
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Abstract:
Different vegetable oils were fermented using Stenotrophomonas maltophilia WO-S14, with the objective of preparing biosurfactants from waste oil. The properties of the fermentation products were analyzed thoroughly and systematically. The fermentation product of sesame oil showed good surface properties; its emulsification index (E24) against kerosene was 75.22%; it could reduce the surface tension of water to 27.90 mN/m; it was highly stable under a wide range of environmental conditions. The surfactant product was purified by column chromatography and the chemical composition and structure of the purified product were studied by thin layer chromatography (TLC), infrared spectroscopy (IR), gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS), electrospray ionization mass spectrometry (ESI-MS) and tandem mass spectrometry (MS/MS). The results indicated that the surfactant biosynthesized from sesame oil was a novel cyclic lipopeptide, with a molecular weight of 814. It was composed of a 15-carbon β-hydroxy fatty acid and a short peptide of six amino acid residues. The amino acid sequence of the peptide chain was Met-Glu-Ala-Ser-Ala-Val.
