Polycyclic Aromatic Hydrocarbon Accumulation Patterns and Related Health Risk Assessment of Aquatic Products in Ningbo
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Abstract:
The content of polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs) in 29 different aquatic products consumed by residents of Ningbo from 2013 to 2014 was determined using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) to analyze seasonal accumulation patterns. The PAH exposure dose in the aquatic products consumed by Ningbo residents and the resultant health risk were evaluated. The results showed that thetotal contents of 16 PAHs (wet weight) were 46.31 ± 40.19 (spring), 46.01 ± 22.20 (fall), 31.93 ± 19.13 (winter), and 26.62 ± 24.41 ng/g (summer). The average dose of exposure to PAHs of the urban and rural populations via consumption of contaminated aquatic products were 4584.01 ± 1212.68 and 3523.81 ± 932.21 ng/d, respectively. The incremental lifetime cancer risks for urban and rural populations were 5.27 ± 5.78 × 10-5 (urban) and 2.94 ± 1.81 × 10-5 (rural), respectively, which were higher than the acceptable risk (1.0 × 10-6) and lower than that suggested by the United States Environmental Protection Agency (1.0 × 10-4). These results indicate that there is a potential risk of cancer to Ningbo residents consuming local aquatic products, requiring urgent attention. The uncertainty coefficient of variation of cancer risk associated with PAHs for the rural area (0.20) was higher than that for the urban area (0.16). ED is an important factor that should be controlled to reduce health risks．
