Influence of Berry Heterogeneity on the Phenolics and Antioxidant Activity of Meili (Vitis vinifera L.) Grapes
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Abstract:
In order to explore the influence of grape heterogeneity on important indicators of quality in the skin and seed of wine grapes, Meili (Vitis vinifera L.) grapes were used as the material for this study. The proportion of berries with different densities at harvest time and differences in the content of polyphenols and antioxidant activity were determined in the skin and seed. The results showed that berries with different densities did not show significant differences in weight, surface area, and volume (P ≤ 0.05). The highest sugar content (182.67 g/L) and the lowest acid content (7.32 g/L) were found in the high-density berries (D5 = 1089 kg/m3). With increasing grape density, the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFOC), total flavanol content (TFAC), and total monomeric anthocyanin content (TMAC) in the skin were significantly increased (P ≤ 0.05). The content of these phenolics in the seeds of high-density berries was significantly higher than that of medium-density (D4 = 1082 kg/m3) and low-density (D3 = 1079 kg/m3) berries, and there was no significant difference in the phenolic content of the seed between the latter two groups. The antioxidant activity of both skin and seed in high-density berries was significantly higher than that of medium-density and low-density berries, and there was no significant difference in the antioxidant activity of both skin and seed between the latter two groups. Therefore, berry heterogeneity in Meili grapes is commonly present at harvest time, and high-density berries have the highest quality.
