Effect of Bitter Melon Saponins with Buckwheat Flavones or Pumpkin Polysaccharides on Glucose and Lipid Metabolism in Type-2 Diabetic Rats
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Abstract:
Using principal component analysis (PCA), the improvement in glucose and lipid metabolism of type-2 diabetic rats was investigated with the use of bitter melon (Momordica charantia) saponins in combination with buckwheat (Fagopyrum tataricum) flavones (BSBF) or pumpkin (Cucurbita moschata) polysaccharide (BSPP). A rat model of type 2 diabetes mellitus was established and the three extracts were administered by gavage. Subsequently, body weights as well as food and water intake in all groups were compared. The results showed that individual extracts or combinations significantly ameliorated the symptoms of type 2 diabetes. Furthermore, the indicators for glucose and lipid metabolism were screened via the PCA method and single-dimensional statistics were combined in the analysis. Combined saponins (BS) and polysaccharide (PP) signi?cantly improved levels of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), adiponectin (ADPN), and creatinine (CRE) compared with that of individual extracts (p < 0.05). The effect of this combination on free fatty acids and tumor necrosis factor was improved compared with the BS group, while the effect on ALT was better than that on the PP group. The combination of BS and flavones resulted in improvement of ALT, CRE, ADPN, and insulin compared with individual extracts, BS group, as well as flavone group. In summary, the results of this study show that the combined effect of active ingredients produces more improvement of glucose and lipid metabolism in type-2 diabetic rats.
