Bioactive Compounds and Antioxidant Activity of Different Varieties of Soybean Cultivars
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Abstract:
The characteristics of ten soybean cultivars that are widely grown in South China were examined. Soy flours were prepared, and the total phenolic content (TPC), total flavonoid content (TFC), isoflavone content, and antioxidant activity (based on 2,2-diphenil-1-picrylhydrazyl [DPPH] radical scavenging capacity, ferric ion reducing antioxidant power [FRAP], and oxygen radical absorbance capacity [ORAC]) were measured. The correlations between bioactive compound contents and antioxidant activity were analyzed. Bioactive compound contents and antioxidant activity were significantly influenced by soybean genotype. The TPCs of soybean cultivars ranged from 3.18 to 4.47 mg GAE/g, and the highest and lowest contents were detected in cultivars HC5 and HC6, respectively. The TFCs ranged from 0.27 to 0.39 mg CE/g, and the highest and lowest contents were detected in cultivars HC3 and HC2, respectively. The isoflavone contents ranged from 720.24 to 1,285.47 μg/g, and the highest and lowest contents were detected in cultivars HX3 and HC6. Cultivars HX1 and GXD2 exhibited the highest DPPH and lowest FRAP values, respectively, while the highest and lowest ORAC values were observed in cultivars HX5 and HX9, respectively. DPPH and FRAP were positively correlated with TPC and TFC, respectively, while ORAC was negatively correlated with isoflavone content. Based on this comprehensive evaluation, HC5, HX1, and HX9 were much richer in bioactive compounds than the other cultivars, while HX1 and HX5 had higher antioxidant activity and can be used as raw materials for the production of high-quality soy-based foods.
