Synthesis and Antibacterial Activity of Lauric Acid Derivatives
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Abstract:
In this study, lauric acid derivatives including glycerol monolaurin (GML), mixture of glycerol dilaurin and glycerol trilaurin (GDL+GTL), as well as polyglycerol monolaurin (PGML) were synthesized and those with optimum application properties, in terms of antibacterial activity and skin sensitization reactions were identified. The esterification of lauric acid derivatives was carried out under the following optimal reaction conditions: NaHSO4 at 0.3% of the weight of lauric acid, substrate molar ratio of 1:2, 200 ℃ and 5 h in vacuo with solid acid salt catalyst and the products were purified by molecular distillation. GML and PGML were obtained with relatively high purity. The minimum inhibitory concentration (MIC) was estimated by plate count method formed on the culture plate. The result showed that lauric acid, GML, and PGML showed high antibacterial activity towards both, gram-positive and gram-negative bacteria. The individual activities of lauric acid and GML were higher than that of PGML under the same conditions, while GDL+GTL combination showed no antibacterial activity. It was also confirmed via skin-sensitization tests that lauric derivatives did not induce skin allergy.
