Study on the Effects of Chemical and Physical Refining Processes on the Deterioration in the Quality of Wheat Germ Oil
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Abstract:
In order to improve the quality of refined wheat germ oil, the degree of deterioration in the quality of wheat germ oil during chemical and physical refining was investigated. For the wheat germ oil processed by chemical refining, the acid value dropped to 0.18 KOH/(mg/g), the trans fatty acid content increased to 0.070% from an undetectable level in crude oil, and the tocopherol content decreased by 37.83%. For the physical refining of wheat gream oil, deacidification was conducted under a residual pressure of ≤60 Pa in a temperature range of 200~240 ℃ for 2~8 h. The acid value dropped to 5.49 KOH/(mg/g)~0.19 KOH/(mg/g), the trans fatty acid content was between 0.13% and 3.13%, the peroxide value ranged from 1.61 mmol/kg~4.33 mmol/kg, the anisidine value ranged from 13.76~59.3, and the tocopherol content decreased by 26.68%~85.90%. Comparison of the two refining processes revealed that the chemical refining process had less significant effects on the deterioration of wheat germ oil quality than the physical refining process, particularly in regard to preventing the increase in the trans fatty acid content, and the loss in vitamin E content among others. Therefore, chemical refining is suitable for functional and nutritious oils rich in unsaturated fatty acids, vitamin E, etc.
